甲状腺微小乳头状癌超声诊断的研究进展

Research progress in ultrasound diagnosis of papillary thyroid microcarcinoma

甲状腺是人体最大的内分泌器官,其内分泌作用不容忽视。现如今,由于人类的生活方式、饮食和环境等因素使甲状腺癌的发病率逐年增加,并成年轻化趋势,而甲状腺微小乳头状癌(PTMC)体积小,隐蔽性强,缺乏临床特征,难以发现。超声二维灰阶图像特征在诊断PTMC方面有很大的价值,超声弹性成像、超声造影成像、超声引导下细针穿刺抽吸细胞学、人工智能等新技术在PTMC的诊断方面提供了新的依据。本文对PTMC超声诊断的研究进展进行如下综述。

Thyroid is the largest endocrine organ of human body,and its endocrine role can not be ignored.Nowadays,due to human lifestyle,diet,environment and other factors,the incidence of thyroid cancer is increasing year by year,and it is becoming more and more common in young adults.Papillary thyroid microcarcinoma(PTMC)is difficult to detect because of its small size,strong concealment and lack of clinical features.Ultrasonic two-dimensional gray-scale image features are of great value in the diagnosis of PTMC.New technologies such as ultrasound elastography,contrast enhanced ultrasound,ultrasound guided fine needle aspiration cytology,and artificial intelligence provide new evidence for the diagnosis of PTMC.This article reviews the research progress in ultrasound diagnosis of PTMC.