青岛市学龄前儿童照护者安全用药知信行现状调研

Survey on Knowledge,Attitudes,and Practices of Safe Medication among Caregivers of Preschool Children in Qingdao

目的:调研青岛市学龄前儿童照护者安全用药知信行(KAP)、科普接受意愿现状及相互关系,为制定减少居家用药错误干预措施提供参考。方法:采用方便抽样法,对青岛市学龄前儿童照护者开展横断面研究。人口学特征对KAP影响运用SPSS 26.0软件采用独立样本t检验或单因素方差分析。安全用药意识现状采用描述性分析及雷达图表示。运用Amos 23.0软件构建KAP及科普意愿结构方程模型,通过路径分析拟合探索之间关系及效应权重。结果:青岛市学龄前儿童主要安全用药风险行为包括照护者擅自给患儿停/换用药品、药品存放不当、不会阅读药品说明书、不了解药品不良反应、随意丢弃过期药品等。职业对安全用药行为、居住地对接受科普意愿、学历对安全用药知识水平的影响比较差异有统计学意义。良好的安全用药知识认知正向影响用药行为,路径系数0.36;曾接受过安全用药教育正向影响再次接受科普教育,路径系数0.29。结论:宣传安全用药科普知识具有社会实践意义,公众普遍认可安全用药科普教育价值,应发挥药师作用加大安全用药科普宣传力度。

Objective:To investigate the knowledge,attitudes,and practices(KAP)of safe medication,caregivers’s willingness for popular science,and interrelationships among caregivers of preschool children in Qingdao,so as to provide reference for developing interventions to reduce home medication errors.Methods:A cross-sectional study was conducted among caregivers of preschool children in Qingdao by convenient sampling.The influence of demographic characteristics on KAP was analyzed by SPSS 26.0 software independent sample t test or single factor analysis.The status quo of awareness of safe medication was represented by descriptive analysis and radar chart.KAP and popular science intention structural equation model were constructed by Amos 23.0 software,and the correlation and effect weight were explored by path analysis fitting.Results:The main risks of safe medication for preschool children in Qingdao included caregivers stopped and changed drugs for children without permission,stored drugs improperly,misunderstood drug instructions and adverse drug reactions,and discarded expired drugs at will.The differences between occupation on safe medication behavior,residence on popular science willingness,and education on safe medication knowledge were statistically significant.Better knowledge of safe medication positively affected medication behavior,with a path coefficient of 0.36,having received safe medication education positively affected receiving popular science education again,with a path coefficient of 0.29.Conclusion:It is of social practical significance to publicize the popular science knowledge of safe medication,and the public generally recognizes the value of safety medication education.The role of pharmacists should be played to strengthen the popular science propaganda of safe medication.