基于冷冻过程的脱盐研究进展

Research Review on Freezing-based Desalination

冷冻脱盐是海水淡化的一种理论方法,具有运行温度低、不易结垢、腐蚀小的优点。但由于存在冷源耗能和脱盐率不高的问题,冷冻脱盐未能应用于工业生产。许多学者对冷冻脱盐进行了理论与实验研究,试图找到降低冷源能耗和提高脱盐率的方法,为冷冻脱盐的工业应用提供技术支持。对近年来学者们在冷冻过程参数对冰脱盐效果的影响、降低冰盐度的方法及影响因素以及冷冻法与膜法、热法结合提高产水率、降低能耗等方面开展的研究工作进行了综述。

Freezing desalination is a theoretical method of seawater desalination,which has the advantages of low operating temperature,less scaling and less corrosion.However,freezing desalination cannot be used in industrial production due to the energy consumption of cold source and the low desalination rate.Many scholars have carried out theoretical and experimental research on freezing-based desalination,trying to find ways to reduce the energy consumption and improve the desalination rate,providing technical support for the industrial application of freezing desalination.In this paper,the research work carried out by scholars in recent years on the influence of freezing process parameters on desalination effect,the methods and influencing factors of reducing ice salinity,and the combination of freezing method with membrane and thermal method to improve water yield rate and reduce energy consumption is reviewed.