神经系统副肿瘤综合征相关自身抗体的临床应用现状与前景展望

Current and prospective clinical applications of autoantibodies associated with paraneoplastic neurological syndromes

神经系统副肿瘤综合征(PNS)是由肿瘤通过远隔效应引起的累及神经系统的自身免疫综合征。PNS诊断困难,PNS相关自身抗体对于疾病诊断、分层分型和个体化治疗有重要作用。PNS相关自身抗体根据其对肿瘤预测风险的能力分为高风险、中风险和低风险抗体,其实验室检测主要通过间接免疫荧光法、免疫组织化学分析、免疫印迹等方法。正确应用和解读抗体的检测结果对于PNS的诊疗至关重要。本文针对PNS相关自身抗体的临床应用现状及未来展望进行评述。

Paraneoplastic neurological syndrome(PNS)is an autoimmune syndrome involving the nervous system caused by tumors through distant effects.The diagnosis of PNS is difficult,and PNS-associated autoantibodies are crucial for disease diagnosis,classification,and individualized treatment.PNS-associated autoantibodies are classified into high-,intermediate-,and low-risk antibodies based on their predictive risk of tumors.Their laboratory detection is mainly carried out through indirect immunofluorescence,immunohistochemical analysis,immunoblotting,and other methods.The correct application and interpretation of antibody detection results is crucial for the diagnosis and treatment of PNS.This article reviews the current status and future prospects of the clinical application of autoantibodies related to PNS.