用于樱桃番茄保鲜的纳米银复合膜材料研究与应用

Research and Application of Silver Nanocomposite Film Materials for Cherry Tomato Preservation

纳米银(silver nanoparticles,AgNPs)及其他纳米颗粒因具有抑菌和阻隔特性,在果蔬保鲜中的应用越来越受到重视。为了开发高效的果蔬绿色保鲜涂膜,利用菊花提取物绿色合成了纳米银,并研究了其对交链孢霉菌的抑制性能。制备了AgNPs和壳聚糖(chitosan,CTS)的AgNPs-CTS复合涂膜,并考察了其对樱桃番茄保鲜的影响。结果发现,所合成AgNPs呈球形,尺寸小且分散良好,对交链孢霉菌具有良好的抑菌活性。樱桃番茄的保鲜试验表明,AgNPs-CTS涂膜的保鲜性能优于CTS组和空白组,贮藏15 d后AgNPs-CTS涂膜对保持樱桃番茄中较高的可溶性固形物、滴定酸和Vc含量具有积极作用,并能显著降低樱桃番茄的腐烂率和失重率。综上表明,该AgNPs合成方法可减少有毒化学试剂的使用,绿色环保,抑菌性能良好,其与壳聚糖复合成膜可应用于樱桃番茄的采后保鲜。研究结果可为绿色环保纳米银复合保鲜涂膜的开发及应用提供科学参考。

The application of silver nanoparticles(AgNPs)and other nanoparticles in the preservation of fruits and vegetables has received increasing attention due to their fungicidal and barrier properties.In order to develop efficient green preservation coating films for fruits and vegetables,AgNPs were green synthesized using chrysanthemum extract,and their inhibitory properties against Streptomyces alternifolium were investigated.In addition,composite coating films of AgNPs and chitosan(CTS)were prepared and their effects on the preservation of cherry tomatoes were investigated.It was found that the synthesized AgNPs were spherical,small in size and well dispersed with good inhibitory activity against Streptomyces alternifolium.The freshness preservation test of cherry tomatoes showed that the AgNPs-CTS coated film had better freshness preservation performance than that of the CTS group and the blank group.After 15 days of storage,the AgNPs-CTS coated film had a positive effect on maintaining the high soluble solids,titratable acid and Vc contents in cherry tomatoes,and it could significantly reduce the rotting rate and weight loss rate of cherry tomatoes.The results showed that the nanosilver synthesis method could reduce the use of toxic chemical reagents,fulfill energy saving and environmental protection,and had good bacterial inhibition performance,which could be applied to the postharvest preservation of cherry tomatoes by compositing with chitosan to form a film.The results could provide scientific reference for the development and application of green nanosilver composite freshness coating film.