施肥对红松嫁接樟子松生长和生理特性的影响

Effects of Fertilization on the Growth and Physiological Characteristics of Pinus koraiensis Grafted with Pinus sylvestris var.mongolica

【目的】研究氮肥、磷肥及生物菌肥不同配比施肥对红松嫁接樟子松的生长和生理特性的影响。【方法】选择16 a红松嫁接樟子松为试验材料,通过氮肥、磷肥和生物菌肥配施,以不施肥作为对照组(CK),探索施肥对红松嫁接樟子松生长和生理特性的影响。【结果】氮肥、磷肥和生物菌肥配施均能显著提高叶绿素a、叶绿素b和叶绿素总含量(P<0.05);处理9(施肥处理尿素300克/株、过磷酸钙200克/株、生物菌肥150克/株)的树高增长最多,较CK高出47.90%(P<0.01);叶绿素总含量高出CK 94.37%;淀粉含量为CK的29.03倍(P<0.01);可溶性蛋白含量比CK增加1 113.83%(P<0.01);丙二醛含量最低(P<0.05);过氧化物酶活性最强,较CK高出110.86%(P<0.05),具有更好的抗逆性。【结论】处理9的树高增长量最多,叶绿素a、叶绿素总含量、淀粉、可溶性蛋白含量、过氧化物酶活性均最高,16 a樟子松最佳施肥配比为每株300 g尿素∶200 g过磷酸钙∶150 g生物菌肥。

【Objective】It is to explore the effects of different ratios of nitrogen fertilizer,phosphorus fertilizer,and biological bacterial fertilizers on the growth and physiological characteristics of Pinus ko-raiensis grafted with Pinus sylvestris var.mongolica.【Method】16-year-old P.koraiensis grafted with P.sylvestris var.mongolica was selected as the experimental material,and nitrogen fertilizer,phosphorus fertilizer,and biological bacterial fertilizer were applied in combination,with no fertilization as the control group.The effect of fertilization on the growth and physiological characteristics of P.koraiensis grafted with P.sylvestris var.mongolica was explored.【Result】The combination of nitrogen fertilizer,phosphorus fertilizer,and biological bacterial fertilizer significantly increased the content of chlorophyll a,chlorophyll b,and total chlorophyll(P<0.05).Treatment 9(urea 300 g/plant,superphosphate 200 g/plant,and biological bacterial fertilizer 150 g/plant)showed the highest increase in tree height,which was 47.90%higher than that of the control group(P<0.01).The total chlorophyll content was 94.37%higher than that of the control group;The starch content was 29.03 times that of the control group(P<0.01).The soluble protein content increased by 1113.83%compared with the control group(P<0.01).The content of malondialdehyde was the lowest(P<0.05);The peroxidase activity was the strongest,110.86%higher than that of the control group,with better stress resistance(P<0.05).【Con-clusion】Treatment 9 has the highest growth of tree height,chlorophyll a,total chlorophyll content,starch,soluble protein content,and peroxidase activity.The optimal fertilization of 16-year-old P.sylves-tris var mongolica is 300 g urea∶200 g superphosphate∶150 g biological bacterial fertilizer per plant.