城市2D/3D景观格局对微气候影响效应研究

Effect of Urban 2D/3D Landscape Pattern on Microclimate

为研究城市景观格局变化对微气候的影响机制,研究采用移动观测、景观格局分析、数理统计等方法,定量分析郑州市景观格局在不同季节下对微气候的影响机制并构建相应的回归模型。结果表明:在冬夏季节下2D指标建筑形状指数(SMN)、建筑分形维数指数(FMN)与温度,湿度呈显著负相关,与风速呈显著负相关,其中冬季1 000 m内SMN与风速的相关性最高(R^(2)=0.733)。3D指标建筑容积密度(BVD)、建筑高度密度(BHD)与温度呈显著正相关,与湿度和风速呈显著负相关。其中夏季500 m内BVD与湿度的相关性最高(R^(2)=0.644)。说明SMN、FMN、BVD、BHD是2D/3D景观格局中影响微气候的重要指标。研究通过比较2D/3D景观格局的异同,得出三维景观格局对微气候的影响效应更大的结论。

In order to study the impact mechanism of urban landscape pattern change on microclimate,the research uses mobile observation,landscape pattern analysis,mathematical statistics and other methods to quantitatively analyze the impact mechanism of Zhengzhou landscape pattern on microclimate in different seasons and build a corresponding regression model.The results show that in winter and summer,the 2D indexes,building shape index(SMN)and building fractal dimension index(FMN)are significantly negatively correlated with temperature and humidity,and are significantly negatively correlated with wind speed.In winter,the correlation between SMN and wind speed is the highest within 1000 m(R^(2)=0.733).The 3D indicators Building Volume Density(BVD)and Building Height Density(BHD)are significantly positively correlated with temperature,and negatively correlated with humidity and wind speed.The correlation between BVD and humidity is the highest within 500 m in summer(R^(2)=0.644).It shows that SMN,FMN,BVD and BHD are important indicators affecting microclimate in 2D/3D landscape pattern.By comparing the similarities and differences of 2D/3D landscape patterns,the study concluded that 3D landscape patterns have a greater impact on microclimate.