文学批评视域下马克思人类学笔记的当代价值

The Modern Value of Marx's Anthropological Notes from the Perspective of Literary Criticism

人类学笔记是马克思晚年研究前资本主义社会形态的读书笔记合集,里面富有预言性和当代价值的思想对中国马克思主义文学批评建设具有方法论启示。人类学笔记将关注重心从西欧移向亚、非、美洲等古老民族,探讨非西方社会与资本主义社会的质的差异,促使中国马克思主义文学批评在新的世界格局中重新审视中国与世界的关系。马克思对史前社会特殊规律的研究尤其是有关两种生产的考察,为中国马克思主义文学批评坚持和完善历史唯物主义提供了理论指导和实践范例。人类学笔记体现的时间向度启发了中国马克思主义文学批评对过去、现在和未来时间关系的再认识。马克思在人类学笔记所表现出的理论反思和理论在场,鼓舞中国马克思主义文学批评立足中国大地,思考和探索当今文学活动的新问题。

Anthropological Notes is a collection of reading notes from Marx's later studies of pre-capitalist social formations,and the ideas rich in prophetic and modern values contained in it have methodological implications for the construction of Chinese Marxist literary criticism.Anthropological Notes shifts the focus from Western European countries to ancient peoples in Asia,Africa,and America,explores the qualitative differences between non-Western societies and capitalist society and helps to promote a review of the relationship between China and the world in the new world pattern in Chinese Marxist literary criticism.Marx's study of the special laws of prehistoric society and two forms of production,provides ancient examples for Chinese Marxist literary criticism to explore the improvement and expansion of historical materialism.The time dimension reflected in Anthropological Notes inspires a re-understanding of the relationship between past,present and future in Chinese Marxist literary criticism.The theoretical reflection and presence in Anthropological Notes invigorate Chinese Marxist literary criticism,rooted in the reality of China,to ponder on and probe into the new questions in contemporary literary activities.