论生态社会法律责任归责原则的拓展

On the Expansion of the Principle of Legal Responsibility Attribution in Ecological Society

在生态社会背景下,传统法律责任归责原则已然不适用实践中的生态环境侵权问题,进而面临一系列的法律困境,包括主观过错对象范畴难以涵盖生态侵权问题、生态环境侵权责任认定因果关系证明困难以及证明方式难以解决生态侵权问题等,为了解决这些问题,生态社会下的归责原则需要发展新的逻辑,包括“生态化”与过错对象范畴的扩张、因果关系与生态环境损害责任证成的复杂以及生态侵权责任证明方式的延展。具言之,需要将价值目标“生态化”,推动过错对象范畴的扩张,丰富归责规则中因果关系的证明责任并建立多元化的法律责任归责证明方式,以此拓展生态社会法律责任归责体系的新路径。

In the context of ecological society,the traditional principle of legal liability attribution is no longer applicable to the issue of ecological environmental infringement in practice,and thus faces a series of legal difficulties,including the difficulty of the scope of subjective fault objects in covering ecological infringement issues,the difficulty in proving the causal relationship of ecological environmental infringement liability determination,and the difficulty of proving methods in solving ecological infringement problems.In order to solve these problems,the principle of attribution in an ecological society requires the development of new logic,including the expansion of the scope of"ecologicalization"and fault objects,the complexity of causal relationships and the proof of liability for ecological environmental damage,and the extension of the proof methods for ecological tort liability.In other words,it is necessary to"ecologicalize"the value goal,promote the expansion of the scope of fault objects,enrich the burden of proof of causal relationships in the attribution rules,and establish diversified legal liability attribution methods,in order to expand the new path of the ecological social legal liability attribution system.