乳山湾邻近海域春、秋季浮游动物的群落结构

Community structure of zooplankton in the sea area near Rushan Bay in spring and autumn

为了解乳山湾邻近海域浮游动物群落结构现状,分别于2020年3月(春季)和11月(秋季)在乳山湾邻近海域进行了2个航次的浮游动物调查,以此调查数据为基础,对该海域浮游动物的群落结构特征进行分析.结果表明:①调查海域两季共发现浮游动物成体22种,浮游幼虫6类,其中,春季成体13种,浮游幼虫4类,秋季成体17种,浮游幼虫6类;②春、秋两季调查的浮游动物平均丰度分别为110.1个/m^(3)和137.9个/m^(3),平均生物量(湿重)分别为206.7 mg/m^(3)和91.3 mg/m^(3),平均多样性指数分别为3.09和2.06,平均丰富度指数分别为1.97和1.59,平均均匀度指数分别为0.80和0.57;③春季调查优势种为中华哲水蚤(Calanus sinicus)、太平洋真宽水蚤(Eurytemora pacifica)、强壮滨箭虫(Sagitta crassa)、小拟哲水蚤(Paracalanus parvus)、双毛纺锤水蚤(Acartia bifilosa)、腹针胸刺水蚤(Centropages abdominali)、强额拟哲水蚤(Paracalanus crassirostris)、拟长腹剑水蚤(Oithona similis)、近缘大眼剑水蚤(Corycaeus affinis)和桡足类无节幼虫(Copepodite Nauplius larva),秋季调查优势种为小拟哲水蚤、拟长腹剑水蚤、强壮滨箭虫、异体住囊虫(Oikopleura dioica)、双壳类幼虫(Bivalves larva);④聚类分析结果表明,调查海域浮游动物可划分为2个群落.

In order to learn the current situation of zooplankton community structure in the sea area near Rushan Bay,based on the investigation data of zooplankton in this area in March(spring)and November(Autumn)in 2020,the community structure characteristics of zooplankton were analyzed.The results showed that:①22 species and 6 taxa of zooplankton were found in the two seasons,including 13 species and 4 taxa in spring,and 17 species and 6 taxa in autumn;②In spring,the average abun-dance of zooplankton was 110.1 ind./m^(3),the average biomass(wet weight)was 206.7 mg/m^(3),and the average Shannon-Wiener index,Margalef′s species richness diversity and Pielou′s evenness index were 3.09,1.97,0.80,respectively;In autumn,the average abundance of zooplankton was 137.9 ind./m^(3),the average biomass(wet weight)was 91.3 mg/m^(3),and the average Shannon Wiener index,Margalef′s species richness diversity and Pielou′s evenness index were 2.06,1.59,0.57,respec-tively;③In spring,the dominant species were Calanus sinicus,Eurytemora pacifica,Sagitta crassa,Paracalanus parvus,Acar-tia bifilosa,Centropages abdominali,Paracalanus crassirostris,Oithona similis,Corycaeus affinis,Copepodite Nauplius larva.While in autumn,the dominant species were Paracalanus parvus,Oithona similis,Aidanosagitta crassa,Oikopleura dioica,Bivalves larva;④Cluster analysis showed that the zooplankton in the investigation area could be divided into two groups.