东乡族的体部特征及其30年来的变化

Body characteristics of Dongxiang and its changes in the past 30 years

为探讨东乡族的体部特征及其30年来的变化特点,采用随机取样方法在甘肃省临夏回族自治州广河县和东乡族自治县测量了840例东乡族(男性338例,女性502例)成人的体部指标,并计算体部指数.结果表明:①东乡族的体部指标和体部指数的性别间差异具有统计学意义.东乡族男性和女性均为中等型身高、宽骨盆型、宽肩型、中腿型,男性为长躯干型,女性为中躯干型.②与30年前相比,东乡族男性和女性的体质量、肩宽、骨盆宽和上肢长显著增大,女性大腿长显著增大.③与我国西北地区其他族群比较,东乡族的体质量较大,骨盆较宽,其体部特征与回族和保安族最接近.

In order to explore the body characteristics of Dongxiang and its changes in the past 30 years,the body items of 840 Dongxiang adults(338 males,502 females)were measured in Guanghe County and Dongxiang County of Linxia Hui Autono-mous Prefecture of Gansu Province,and the body indexes were calculated.The results were as follows:①The gender differ-ences of body items and body indexes of Dongxiang had statistical significance.Both male and female of Dongxiang belonged to middle stature type,broad distance between iliac crests type,broad shoulder breadth type and mesatiskelic type,with long trunk type for male and middle trunk for female.②Compared with 30 years ago,the body mass,shoulder breadth,crestailiaca breadth and upper extremity length of male and female of Dongxiang increased significantly,and the thigh length of female in-creased significantly.③Compared with other ethnic groups in Northwest China,Dongxiang had larger body mass and crestail-iaca breadth,and the body characteristics of Dongxiang were closest to Hui and Baoan.