电动汽车低温热泵三角循环的性能及控制策略研究

Research on Performance and Control Strategy of Low-Temperature Heat Pump Triangular Cycle for Electric Vehicles

为替代整车热管理系统中的正温度系数(PTC)电加热器,通过试验和理论计算研究了三角循环的制热特性并提出了相应控制策略。在零部件选型方面,提出三角循环对冷凝器和电子膨胀阀的更高性能要求,并在台架测试中获得了接近6 kW的制热量,通过经校核的模型研究了不同电子膨胀阀开度、空调箱进风温度和进风风量对三角循环性能的影响,结果表明:电子膨胀阀开度越大,越有利于压缩机发挥更大的能力并获得更大的制热量,但增益递减;高进风温度或高排气压力工况下三角循环具有较大的制热量。最后,提出了涵盖转速2 000~6 500 r/min和进风温度-20~-10℃工况范围的三角循环控制MAP。

In order to replace Positive Temperature Coefficient(PTC) electric heater in vehicle thermal management,this paper studied the heating characteristics of the triangular cycle through experimental and theoretical methods and proposed corresponding control strategy.First of all,in terms of component selection,the paper proposed that the triangular cycle had higher performance requirements for the condenser and electric expansion valve.Secondly,the bench test obtained a heating capacity of approximately 6 kW.Thirdly,the impact of different electronic expansion valve openings,air conditioner unit inlet air temperature and inlet air volume on performance was studied through the checked model,and it was found that the larger opening help the compressor to exert greater capacity and obtain greater heating capacity.Under high inlet air temperature and high outlet pressure condition,the triangular cycle has greater heating capacity.Finally,the paper proposed a triangular cycle control map covering 2 000 ~ 6 500 r/min compressor speed and -20~-10 ℃ inlet air temperature.