航空点阵结构制造技术、测试及表征方法研究进展

Advances in manufacturing technology,testing and characterization methods of aeronautical lattice structures

点阵结构因其内部空间的独特性,在保证结构强度的前提下可同时满足轻量化及多功能化的要求,在航空领域具有广阔的应用前景。点阵结构的构型复杂,制造工艺多样,难进行统一的力学性能表征,设计制造一体化思路尚不明确。本文首先总结目前国内外应用范围较广的点阵结构构型与材料,回顾了点阵结构的超塑成形/扩散连接、增材制造等各个制造技术的工艺流程及优缺点,再次分析了点阵结构力学性能的测试方法和规则拓扑结构的理论力学性能表征。最终总结归纳了现有点阵结构形性协调演变机理不明确和大型点阵结构蒙皮超塑成形技术不成熟等问题,并对点阵结构在未来的发展趋势进行了展望。

Lightweight and multi⁃functionality under the premise of ensuring the structural strength can be achieved simultaneously by means of lattice structure due to the uniqueness of internal space,showing a broad application scenario in the aviation field.The thought of design and manufacturing integration is still unclear,which is resulted from the complexity of the lattice structure configuration,diversity of the manufacturing process and the difficulty of the unified mechanical performance characterization.In this report,firstly the widely used lattice structure configurations and materials at home and abroad were summarized systematically,and then the various manufacturing technologies including superplastic forming/diffusion bonding and additive manufacturing of lattice structures were also reviewed in terms of the advantages and disadvantages.The testing method of the mechanical properties for the lattice structure and the theoretical mechanical properties of the regular topological structure were analyzed.Finally,the current problems such as the unclear evolution mechanism of the shape and property coordination for the lattice structure and the immature superplastic forming technology of the skin for the large lattice structure were summarized.Besides,the development trend of the lattice structure in the future was prospected.