塔依卜·萨利赫《宰因的婚礼》的狂欢化研究

The Carnivalesque Study of Tayeb Salih's The Wedding of Zein

《宰因的婚礼》是苏丹作家塔依卜·萨利赫代表作之一,小说中多次出现狂欢场景,具有独特的“狂欢化”特征。巴赫金认为“狂欢化”的内涵即两重性,死亡与再生、辱骂与赞美、怪异与善良能够在狂欢世界里互相转化,以此来对抗当时社会存在的既定秩序。萨利赫正是从死亡与再生、毁灭与更新,狂欢言语,狂欢人物,以及狂欢世界观四个方面,在小说中诠释了“狂欢化”两重性特征,彰显了巴赫金“狂欢化”中的民主意识以及个体价值,同时体现了萨利赫对官方文化的质疑,对现有等级制度的不满,以此希望建立自由平等的乌托邦式理想社会。

The Wedding of Zein,one of the representative works of Tayeb Salih from Sudan,has many carnival scenes with the characteristic of"carnivalesque".According to Bakhtin,duality is the connotation of"carnivalesque".Duality means that death and regeneration,abuse and praise,weirdness and goodness can be transformed into each other in the carnival world to fight against the established order of the society at that time.It is from the four aspects of death and regeneration,destruction and renewal,carnivalesque words,carnivalesque characters and carnivalesque worldview that Salih interprets the duality of"carnivalesque"in The Wedding of Zein,highlighting the democratic consciousness and individual values in Bakhtin's"carnivalesque".At the same time,it reflects Saleh's questioning of the official culture,his dissatisfaction with the existing hierarchical system and his hope of establishing a utopian society of freedom and equality.