基于“会话含义”理论的戏剧语言分析——以话剧《雷雨》为例

Analysis of Dramatic Language Based on the Theory of Conversational Meaning—Taking the Drama Thunderstorm as an Example

以往多数学者在分析戏剧语言时,往往从语言的概念入手,即以戏剧语言自身固有的特点(个性化、潜台词和动作性)为着眼点分析作品中的人物语言。而行文从语用学角度,运用“会话含义”理论分析现代话剧成熟的标志作品《雷雨》,探究剧中人物违反“数量准则”“质量准则”“方式准则”及“相关准则”的各种情况,依赖语境研究戏剧人物语言的言外之意、隐含意义,发现该理论能够深入剖析戏剧人物间的矛盾冲突,更好地把握戏剧情节和鲜明的人物性格特征。所以,“会话含义”理论不失为一种有效的研究戏剧人物话语真实意图的方法,是文学界解读、研究戏剧语言的一种新视角。

In the past,when most scholars analyzed the language of drama,they often started from the concept of language,that is,they analyzed the language of characters in the works with the focus on the inherent characteristics of drama language—personalization,subtext and action.The essay,however,uses the theory of"conversational meaning"to analyse Thunderstorm,a mature work of modern drama,from a pragmatic perspective,and to explore the characters'violation of"quantitative norms","qualitative norms"and"modal norms".The theory of"conversational meaning"is used to analyse Thunderstorm,a mature work of modern drama,and to explore the various situations in which the characters violate the"quantitative","qualitative","modal"and"related"norms.The theory has been found to provide insight into the conflicts between characters and to better grasp the plot and the distinctive character traits of the play.The theory of"conversational meaning"is therefore an effective method for studying the real intentions of dramatic characters'words,and a new perspective for the literary community to interpret and study dramatic language.