认知神经科学视角下的数字阅读认知机制研究进展

A Review of Research on Digital Reading Cognitive Mechanisms from the Perspective of Cognitive Neuroscience

[目的/意义]数字阅读是一个复杂的认知过程,认知神经研究为揭示内部发生机制提供方法。系统梳理该领域成果,有助于深入理解数字阅读心理活动和认知功能,并为未来研究提供借鉴。[研究设计/方法]收集247篇国内外认知神经领域的数字阅读研究,结合已有认知理论,构建数字阅读认知机制框架模型,进而对所收集文献进行梳理分析。[结论/发现]数字阅读认知过程包含注意吸引、识别聚焦、关联推理、学习建构四个阶段。功能性磁共振成像、事件相关电位、眼动追踪的应用,能够求解阅读大脑的运行机制。当前研究虽然形成了一套分析数字阅读认知过程和神经指标的适用方法,但对感官交互影响、脑区功能连接、交流互动因素缺乏系统研究。[创新/价值]从认知过程到神经基础,较为全面地刻画数字阅读认知机制,并分析已有研究的基本脉络和不足之处,提出未来研究方向。

[Purpose/Significance]Digital reading is a complex cognitive process,whose internal mechanisms may be revealed by these works of the cognitive neuroscience.A systematic review of these works may help understand the mental processes and cognitive functions of digital reading deeply and provide a reference for future research.[Design/Methodology]From the perspective of the cognitive neuroscience,247 digital reading works at home and abroad were collected.Based on existing cognitive theories,a framework model of digital reading cognitive mechanism was proposed and applied to study these collected literatures.[Findings/Conclusion]The cognitive process of digital reading consists four stages:attention attraction,recognition focus,association reasoning and learning construction.The application of functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging,Event-Related Potentials,and Eye Tracking may help understand reading brain's working mechanism.Although current studies have proposed applicable methods on analyzing digital reading cognitive processes and neural indicators of digital reading,there is a lack of systematic study on the influence of sensory interaction,functional interactions between brain area and communication interaction factors.[Originality/Value]The work provides a picture of the digital reading cognitive mechanism from the cognitive process to neurological foundations,and analyzes the basic context and shortcomings of existing studies,which may help people understand the cognitive process of digital reading and figure out the direction of future research.