从四川某稀土−萤石中矿中分离萤石与稀土的实验研究

Experimental Study on Separation of Fluorite and Rare Earth from a REO-CaF_(2) Middlings in Sichuan

四川某萤石与稀土的混合中矿里稀土氧化物(REO)含量为5.85%、萤石含量为85.69%,并有少量的石英、方解石等脉石矿物。为实现两种有用矿物的有效分离以及综合回收,基于两种矿物的性质差异,采用稀土磁选—萤石浮选的选矿工艺,给矿经过“一次粗选一次精选一次扫选”的磁选流程,可获得REO含量为66.32%、稀土回收率为80.01%的稀土精矿,稀土磁选尾矿在调整剂碳酸钠用量为200 g/t、组合抑制剂改性水玻璃+腐殖酸钠用量为300+100 g/t、改性脂肪酸类捕收剂YK-6用量为400 g/t的条件下,经过一次浮选作业可获得CaF_(2)含量为98.29%、CaF_(2)回收率为91.69%的萤石精矿,各项指标均良好。

The rare earth oxide(REO)content of a fluorite and rare earth mixed ore from Sichuan is 5.85%,the fluorite content is 85.69%,and there are a small amount of quartz,calcite,and other gangue minerals.To achieve effective separation and comprehensive recovery of two valuable minerals,based on their differences in properties,the rare earth magnetic separation−fluorite flotation process was implemented.Following the magnetic separation process of"one stage roughing,one stage cleaning,and one stage scavenging"a rare earth concentrate with a REO content of 66.32%and a rare earth recovery of 80.01%was obtained.The rare earth magnetic separation tailings were treated with 200 g/t of sodium carbonate,a combined inhibitor consisting of modified water glass and sodium humate at 300 and 100 g/t,respectively,and 100 g/t of modified fatty acid collector YK−6.Through a single−stage flotation operation,a fluorite concentrate with CaF_(2)content of 98.29%and CaF_(2)recovery of 91.69%was obtained,with all indices meeting satisfactory levels.