吉尔吉斯语中的附加成分

An Affix in Kirgiz

吉尔吉斯语(柯尔克孜族语)是阿尔泰语系中语音和谐律比较严谨的语言,基本的词语都是以各种构词附加成分和构形附加成分的黏附而组成。吉尔吉斯语中附加成分的特点是大部分附加成分具有语音变体特征,不存在中缀,附加成分都是后缀形式。至于前缀,本族语中的数量很少,少数附加成分是从其他语言借用来的。因此,该文主要以文献检索为主,运用语法学相关理论、观点和方法,在充分吸收国内外学者对吉尔吉斯语研究成果的基础上,从语法角度对吉尔吉斯语附加成分(词缀)的特点、分类和用法进行分析,以期对吉尔吉斯语学习者、语法研究者有一定的参考作用。

Kyrgyz(Kirghiz)is a language of the Altaic family with a relatively strict phonetic harmony,where the basic words are composed of a variety of morphological add-ons and adhesions of morphological add-ons.The feature of the add-ons in Kyrgyz is that most of them have phonological variants,there are no midfixes,and the add-ons are in the form of suffixes.As for prefixes,there are very few of them in the native language,and a few additional components are borrowed from other languages.Therefore,this paper analyzes the features,classification and usage of additional components(affixes)of Kyrgyz language from the grammatical point of view,mainly based on literature search,using the theories,ideas and methods related to grammar and fully absorbing the research results of domestic and foreign scholars on Kyrgyz language.This paper will serve as a reference for learners and researchers of Kyrgyz language.