基于健康信念的照护策略结合激励式心理疗法对子宫全切术后患者恐惧情绪及盆底康复锻炼积极性的影响

Effects of nursing strategy based on health belief combined with incentive psychotherapy on fear emotion and enthusiasm of pelvic floor rehabilitation exercise in patients after total hysterectomy

目的探究基于健康信念的照护策略结合激励式心理疗法在子宫全切术后中的应用效果。方法选取2020年4月至2021年5月收治的86例子宫全切术后患者为研究对象,根据术后护理方案不同将其分为对照组和观察组,各43例。两组均接受常规护理,对照组加施激励式心理疗法干预,观察组在对照组基础上加施基于健康信念的照护策略干预。比较两组的干预效果。结果出院时,观察组的恐惧视觉模拟评分法(FAVS)、焦虑自评量表(SAS)评分低于对照组(P<0.05)。干预5 d后,观察组的积极举动、动作标准度评分高于对照组,放弃举动评分低于对照组(P<0.05)。观察组的盆底功能障碍性疾病总发生率低于对照组,膀胱颈下降距离短于对照组,肛提肌裂孔面积小于对照组(P<0.05)。结论基于健康信念的照护策略结合激励式心理疗法在子宫全切术后患者中的效果较好。

Objective To explore the application effect of nursing strategy based on health belief combined with incentive psychotherapy after total hysterectomy.Methods A total of 86 patients after total hysterectomy admitted from April 2020 to May 2021 were selected as the research objects.According to the different postoperative nursing plan,the patients were divided into control group and observation group,with 43 cases in each group.Both groups received routine nursing.The control group was given incentive psychotherapy intervention,and the observation group was given nursing strategy intervention based on health belief on the basis of the control group.The intervention effects of the two groups were compared.Results At discharge,the scores of Fear Visual Analogue Scale(FAVS)and Self-Rating Anxiety Scale(SAS)in the observation group were lower than those in the control group(P<0.05).After 5 d of intervention,the scores of positive behavior and action standard in the observation group were higher than those in the control group,and the score of giving up behavior was lower than that in the control group(P<0.05).The total incidence of pelvic floor dysfunction in the observation group was lower than that in the control group,the descending distance of bladder neck was shorter than that in the control group,and the area of levator hiatus was smaller than that in the control group(P<0.05).Conclusion The nursing strategy based on health belief combined with incentive psychotherapy has good effect in patients after total hysterectomy.