白囊耙齿菌5种不同开口方式栽培的效果比较

Comparison of the effects of cultivation of Irpex lacteusin five different opening methods

为提高白囊耙齿菌人工栽培子实体产量与质量,通过采用5种不同开口方式进行出菇管理比较子实体形成和成熟时间、形态和生物转化率等,筛选白囊耙齿菌最佳出菇开口方式。结果表明,5种开口方式栽培白囊耙齿菌均能形成原基,并获得成熟子实体。其中,以开口方式(3)(260个小“-”口)与开口方式(5)(敞口)表现较好,子实体商品性好,生物转化率相近;开口方式(3)开口小,利于保湿,杂菌污染率低,子实体呈散朵状、根小、无栽培料粘连,商品价值高,可使用电动开口机开口,省时省力,但子实体发育偏慢;开口方式(5)子实体生长发育快,呈大朵状,但在浇水时易积水,为避免杂菌污染率高,要注意控制温度在26℃以下;其余3种开口方式((1)“/”口、(2)大“V”口和(4)大“—”口)子实体呈聚集状,商品性差。

In order to explore the artificial cultivation methods of Irpex lacteus and improve the yield and quality of fruiting bodies,the best ostiole opening methods for Irpex lacteus fruiting were screened by using five different ostiole opening methods,comparing the formation and maturation time,morphology and biological conversion rate of fruiting bodies.The results showed that the Irpex lacteus could be formed and mature fruiting bodies were obtained by cultivating the Irpex lacteus in five ostiole opening methods,among which 260 small“-”shaped ostiole in the opening mode③and the opening method⑤had good performance,good commerciality of fruiting bodies,and similar bioconversion rates.Method③with small ostiole,conducive to moisturizing,low contamination rate,fruiting body is scattered with small roots,no cultivation material adhesion,and high commodity value,electric machine can be used for opening,saving time and labor,but the development of fruiting body is slow;The fruiting body of the ostiole opening method⑤grows and develops quickly,appearing in a large flower shape,but is prone to water accumulation during watering.To avoid high contamination rates,attention should be paid to controlling the temperature below 26℃;The other three ostiole opening methods:①“/”shaped ostiole,②large“V”shaped ostiole,and④large“-”shaped ostiole.The fruiting bodies are clustered and have poor marketability.