西藏子午莲种子萌发和幼苗生长研究

Preliminary study on seed germination and seedling growth of Ziwu Lotus in Tibet

【目的】探讨不同处理对西藏子午莲发芽率和幼苗生长的影响,为高原子午莲育苗提供参考。【方法】试验选用籽粒饱满、整齐度一致、经低温处理的子午莲种子,按双因素6个处理开展实验;移栽到装有淤泥的水盆内,每周浇水1次,每30d测量1次生长指标。【结果】研究表明:①不同处理对发芽率的影响:20℃水培、25℃水培处理下,发芽率最高达到了93.33%;25℃基质培养、30℃基质培养发芽率最低,为81.33%。水培与基质培差异极显著,3个不同温度之间差异不显著。②不同处理对发芽势的影响:25℃水培处理发芽势最高达80%,30℃基质发芽势最低为48.67%;水培平均发芽势高于土培。③不同处理对发芽指数的影响:30℃水培处理发芽指数最高达63.61%,20℃基质发芽指数最低为19.51%。不同基质处理间差异极显著,不同温度间处理差异显著。④幼苗移栽后,30℃的基质幼苗生长较好,25℃基质与20℃基质长势较差。【结论】整体来看,25℃水培为西藏子午莲最适宜的萌发条件,睡莲种子能快速发芽且发芽率较高;幼苗移栽后30℃基质幼苗生长较好。

【Objective】To explore the effects of different treatments on the germination rate and seedling growth of the Tibetan Meridian,and to pro⁃vide reference for seedling rearing of the Tibetan Meridians.【Methods】The seeds of Ziwulianensis with full grains,uniform uniformity and low tem⁃perature treatment were selected to carry out the experiment according to six treatments of two factors.Transplant to a silted basin,water weekly,and measure growth every 30 days.【Results】The results showed that:(1)The germination rate was affected by different treatments:Under hydroponics at 20℃and 25℃,the germination rate reached 93.33%;The germination rate of 25℃and 30℃substrates was the lowest(81.33%).The difference be⁃tween hydroculture and substrate culture is very significant,but there is no significant difference between the three different temperatures.(2)The ef⁃fect of different treatments on germination potential:the maximum germination potential of hydroponic treatment at 25℃was 80%,and the minimum germination potential of substrate at 30℃was 48.67%.The average germination potential of hydroculture was higher than that of soil culture.(3)The effects of different treatments on the germination index:the highest germination index was 63.61 at 30℃under hydroponic treatment,and the lowest germination index was 19.51 at 20℃under substrate treatment.The difference between different substrates and different temperatures was significant.(4)After transplanting,the growth of seedlings in 30℃substrate was better than that in 25℃substrate and 20℃substrate.【Conclusion】In general,25℃hydroponics was the most suitable germination condition for Ziwu Lotus in Xizang Province.The seeds of nympHaeae could germinate quickly and the germination rate was higher.Seedling growth was better at 30℃after transplanting.