船舶表面新型环保防污涂料研究进展

Research Progress of New Environmentally Friendly Antifouling Coatings for Ship Surfaces

随着人们环保意识的不断提高,环保、广谱的新型防污涂料已经成为当前海洋防污领域的研究热点。概述生物污损的形成过程和污损机制,综述近年来新型环保防污涂料的研究进展,包括污损释放防污涂料、光催化防污材料和基于仿生策略衍生而出的天然防污剂、水凝胶防污涂层等;介绍抗菌肽的作用机制和改性表面的制备手段,指出该类防污材料具有广谱的抗菌活性和环境友好性,有望成为具有理想防污功能的新型海洋防污涂料;展望未来防污涂料的研究方向,旨在为发展高效、广谱、绿色的海洋防污涂料提供参考。

With the increasing awareness of environmental protection,environmentally friendly and broad-spectrum new antifouling coatings have become a current research hotspot in the field of marine antifouling.The formation process of bio⁃fouling and the fouling mechanism were outlined,and the research progress of new environmentally friendly antifouling coatings in recent years was summarized,including fouling-release antifouling coatings,photocatalytic antifouling materials and natural antifouling agents derived from biomimetic strategies,hydrogel antifouling coatings,etc.The mechanism of ac⁃tion of antimicrobial peptides and the means of preparation of modified surfaces were highlighted.It was pointed out that this type of antifouling material has broad-spectrum antibacterial activity and environmental friendliness,and was expected to become a new type of marine antifouling coating with ideal antifouling functions.The future research directions of anti⁃fouling coatings were foreseen,aiming to provide a reference for the development of efficient,broad-spectrum and green marine antifouling coatings.