永恒的不平衡:阿尔都塞意识形态断裂论的潜流

Eternal imbalance:the undercurrents of Althusser′s break theory of ideology

阿尔都塞在《保卫马克思》中提出的“认识论断裂”命题,实则可分为双重论域:“两个马克思”问题与马克思主义之于德意志意识形态的关系问题。意识形态永恒询唤的著名论断遮蔽了阿尔都塞在意识形态科学断裂论中留下的结构性不平衡遗产,使得意识形态结构永恒的不平衡成为阿尔都塞意识形态界说中鲜为人知的潜流。“永恒”与“断裂”之间不可弥合的张力构成了阿尔都塞意识形态论的结构性两难。意识形态结构永恒的不平衡既是解开断裂论与永恒论相互印照关系的关键,又是阿尔都塞意识形态理论留下的激进解放维度。

The proposition of"epistemological break"proposed by Althusser in Pour Marx can actually be divided into two domains:the problem of"two Marxists"and the relationship between Marxism and German ideology.The famous assertion of the eternal call of ideology obscures the legacy of structural imbalance left by Althusser in his theory of break,making the eternal imbalance of ideological structure a little-known undercurrent in his ideological theory.The unbridgeable tension between"eternity"and"break"constitutes the structural dilemma of Althusser′s ideology.This paper attempts to argue that the eternal imbalance is the key to unlocking the relationship between"eternity"and"break",as well as the radical emancipation dimension left behind by Althusser′s ideological theory.