马道头矿区煤矸石热处理特性及综合利用研究

Heat Treatment Characteristics and Comprehensive Utilization of Coal Gangue in Madaotou Mining Area

大同二叠纪矿井均为特大型矿井,产煤量大的同时也带来了大量难以资源化利用的煤矸石。为有针对性地利用大同二叠纪矿井马道头矿区煤矸石,利用X射线荧光光谱仪、X射线衍射仪、扫描电子显微镜、BET比表面积分析仪、热重分析仪等分析设备对热处理前后的大同马道头矿区煤矸石的化学成分、矿物组成、微观形貌、孔隙结构及热处理特性进行分析。结果表明:大同马道头矿区煤矸石主要化学成分为SiO2和Al2O3,属于中高级比铝硅型煤矸石,活性激发温度区间在500~700℃,通过利用热重质谱仪分析该矿煤矸石的热处理特性,获得了该矿区煤矸石的活性最佳热处理温度为700℃左右。对马道头矿区煤矸石的理化特性及热处理特性有了全面的了解后,经过分析不同煤矸石利用方向的特点及该矿区煤矸石特性,对马道头矿区煤矸石的资源化利用提出三个利用方向:制水泥掺和料、提取白炭黑和制备陶粒。

As a solid waste associated with coal mining and coal preparation,coal gangue with low caloric value is largely unable to be used directly,which is piled up as coal-based solid waste,causing great harm to the environment.Scholars rarely analyze the heat treatment characteristics of coal gangue in Datong mining area.The Permian mines in Datong are all super-large mines,which produce a large amount of coal but also bring a lot of coal gangue which is difficult to be utilized as resources.In order to make targeted use of coal gangue in Madaotou mining area of Permian mine in Datong,X-ray fluorescence spectrometer,X-ray diffractometer,scanning electron microscope,BET specific surface area analyzer,thermogravimetric analyzer and other analysis equipment were used to analyze the chemical composition,mineral composition,microscopic morphology,pore structure and heat treatment characteristics of coal gangue in Madaotou mining area before and after heat treatment.The results show that the main chemical components of Datong Madaotou coal gangue are SiO2 and Al2O3,belonging to the middle and high specific aluminium-silicon type coal gangue,and the activation temperature range is from 500℃to 700℃.By using the thermogravimetric mass spectrometer to analyze the heat treatment characteristics of the coal gangue,the optimal active heat treatment temperature of the coal gangue in Datong Madaotou mine is about 700℃.After a comprehensive understanding of the physical and chemical characteristics and heat treatment characteristics of coal gangue in Madaotou mine area,after analyzing the characteristics of different utilization directions of coal gangue and the characteristics of coal gangue in this mine area,three utilization directions of coal gangue in Madaotou mine area are put forward,including making cement admixture,extracting white carbon black and preparing ceramide.