绿色铁路工程现状综述及其发展关键问题辨析

Overview of green railway engineering and discrimination of its key issues for development

通过文献回顾,梳理绿色铁路工程领域的研究现状和不足,指出绿色铁路工程发展的关键问题,并提出绿色铁路建造能力提升的研究框架。以中国知网(CNKI)和Web of Science作为数据来源,采用文献计量分析方法,利用知识图谱软件CiteSpace进行发文量和关键词分析。研究发现:在绿色铁路工程方面,国内研究主题呈现阶段集中性,工程实践成果丰富,且基于相关法规政策形成部分评价指标体系;国外研究主题相对分散,环保措施可操作性强,但评价标准缺乏针对性。总体上国内外都有较好的认识基础,但系统性认识不足;有较好的实践基础和共性的政策基础,但尚未形成系统化的评价体系,且评价指标缺乏铁路工程特征。在绿色建造能力方面,国内外现有绿色建造技术不断成熟,但未形成系统体系,尤其在铁路领域最为明显;现有绿色建造能力研究更多针对制造业企业和建筑企业,对铁路工程企业的指导性弱,绿色铁路建造能力存在研究空白。提炼出绿色铁路工程发展的关键问题:绿色铁路工程评价标准研发与推广问题、绿色铁路建造技术统筹与创新问题、绿色铁路建造能力识别与建设问题,并论述其相互关系,探索性提出绿色铁路建造能力提升的研究框架。研究成果可为未来深化研究提供思路和指明方向,最终以达到推动绿色铁路工程可持续发展的目的。

Through literature review,this paper sorted out the research status and deficiencies in the field of green railway engineering,and pointed out the key issues for developing green railway engineering and the research framework for improving green railway construction capacity.Based on China National Knowledge Internet(CNKI)and Web of Science,the bibliometric analysis method is developed to analyze the number of documents and keywords using the knowledge mapping software CiteSpace.The results are as follows.In terms of green railway engineering,the research topics in China are concentrated at different stages.The project practice results are rich,and part of the evaluation index systems are formed based on relevant laws and policies.The research topics abroad are relatively scattered.The environmental protection measures are highly operable,but the evaluation criteria are lack of pertinence.Generally,there is a good understanding foundation at home and abroad,but the systematic understanding is insufficient.There is a good practical basis and a common policy basis,but a systematic evaluation system has not been formed and the evaluation indicators lack the characteristics of railway engineering.In terms of green construction capacity,the existing green construction technologies are maturing,but a standardized system has not been formed,especially in the railway field.The existing green construction capacity research is more targeted at manufacturing enterprises and construction enterprises,which is less instructive to railway engineering enterprises,and there is a gap in the research of green railway construction capacity.The key issues for the development of green railway engineering are refined and their interrelationships are discussed,which include development and promotion of evaluation standards for green railway engineering,classification and innovation of green railway construction technology,identification and construction of green railway construction capacity.Finally,a research framework for the improvement of green railway construction capacity is given.The results can provide ideas and directions for future research and ultimately promote the sustainable development of green railway engineering.