湖南省洞庭湖区农村水环境问题成因及其治理对策研究

Research on the causes and countermeasures of rural water environment problems in Dongting Lake District of Hunan

农村水环境是湖南省洞庭湖区农业农村可持续发展的重要基础性资源,对于新时代洞庭湖江湖关系协调、农业绿色发展、农民生活幸福有着直接影响。近年来,随着湖南省洞庭湖区农村经济快速发展,农村人口日益集中,农村水环境问题整体呈增长态势,如:季节性水资源短缺严重,水质整体呈轻度污染,水体生态功能退化明显,防洪减灾能力严重不足等。立足湖南省洞庭湖农村水环境现实问题,从水文情势变化、农业面源污染、生活污水处理、科研创新能力、治理体制机制等方面系统分析农村水环境产生原因,并提出相应的治理对策,既有助于农村水环境治理工作的开展,又有助于乡村振兴战略目标的实现。

The rural water environment is an important fundamental resource for the sustainable development of agriculture and rural areas in the Dongting Lake area of Hunan Province,which has a direct impact on the coordination of the River-Lake relationship,the green development of agriculture and the happiness of farmers' lives in the new era.In recent years,with the rapid development of rural economy and the concentration of rural population,rural water environment issues grow more and more,such as seasonal water shortage,mild water pollution,water ecological function degradation,flood control and disaster reduction capabilities shortage.Based on the rural water environment problems in Dongting Lake District of Hunan,this paper systematically analyzed the causes of rural water environment problems and proposes countermeasures from aspects such as hydrological conditions changes,agricultural non-point source pollution,domestic sewage treatment,scientific research and innovation capabilities,and governance systems and mechanisms,which not only helps the promotion of rural water environment governance work,but also helps the achievement of the rural revitalization strategic goals.