“互联网+”能成为高校技术创新的助推器吗?

Can “Internet+” Become A “Booster” for Technological Innovation in Colleges

本文运用省级面板数据,采用变系数模型和误差修正模型等技术,首次实证考察了“互联网+”赋能高校技术创新效率的异质效应。研究表明:“互联网+”对高校技术创新效率产生了显著的长短期促进效应,完全可以成为驱动高校技术创新的助推器;打好“互联网+”与对外直接投资、环境规制等的“战略组合拳”,有助于强化“互联网+”的长期助推器功能;“互联网+”对高校技术创新效率的长期冲击存在短期异质修正效应,但高校技术创新效率向均衡的调整速度具有空间差异;“互联网+”的助推器效能存在明显的异质特征,具体表现为,中、西部高校将从“互联网+”创新溢出中获益更多,“互联网+”在长期内的创新溢出红利将明显大于短期。以上发现将可能对未来国家制定和执行相关政策具有一定启示。

As a main force of basic research and high-tech fields,colleges play an irreplaceable and significant role in the national innovation system.However,the scientific and technological innovation in college in China has had practical problems with low investment in innovation resources.In the new era,how to effectively improve the technological innovation efficiency in college is not only a key move to improve the national basic innovation capabilities,but also an important support for accelerating the construction of innovative nation.At the same time,the integration between internet and various fields of the social economy has become an unstoppable trend of the times,and it will have a profound impact on promoting“mass innovation and entrepreneurship”.An inspiring question is whether“Internet+”has driven the efficiency of technological innovation in college.If the answer is yes,what kind of space-time difference is there?How can we more effectively excavate and release the“Internet+”overflowing bonus of technological innovation activities and realize the inter-regional balance upon college innovation?To accurately answer the above questions will be of great significance to the formulation and implementation of future relevant national policies.By using provincial panel data and such technologies as variable coefficient model and error correction model,the paper initially conducts an empirical study on the heterogeneous effect of“Internet+”on the technical innovation efficiency in college.First of all,based on the five dimensions-internet popularization,internet information supply,internet infrastructure,internet business application,and internet development environment,12 subdivision indicators are selected to build a“Internet+”comprehensive level indicator system,and global main component analysis method is adopted when constructing the“Internet+”comprehensive level index at the inter-provincial level.Secondly,on the basis of panel unit root inspection and co-integration test,based on the variable coefficient model,the paper evaluates the long-term connection between the“Internet+”and the technological innovation efficiency in college.Meanwhile,from the dual dimension of direct investment and environmental regulation,it inspects the heterogeneity impact of the technical innovation efficiency in college which may be caused by the interaction between“Internet+”and other policy factors.Finally,by introducing the residual sequence generated by the long-term equilibrium relationship model,a first-order error correction model is used to further analyze the short-term heterogeneous volatility effect of“Internet+”on the innovation efficiency in college.Based on theoretical deduction and empirical analysis,this paper analyzes the long-term and short-term internal relationship between“Internet+”and the technological innovation efficiency in college.The results show that,“Internet+”has a significant long-term and short-term promotion effect on the efficiency of the technological innovation in college,and it can be a“booster”to drive technological innovation in college.The“strategic combination”of“Internet+”,FDI and environmental regulation will help to strengthen the long-term“booster”function of the“Internet+”for the efficiency of the technological innovation in college.“Internet+”has a significant short-term heterogeneous correction effect on the long-term equilibrium of college technological innovation efficiency,and there is a spatial difference concerning the speed when the technological innovation efficiency adjusts itself to equilibrium.“Internet+”has the obvious heterogeneous features when boosting the technology innovation efficiency of universities,to be specific,the central and western colleges could benefit more from the development of“Internet+”,and the innovation spillover dividend of“Internet+”in the long term is higher than that in the short term.The limitations of this paper may be:On the one hand,the heterogeneous influence of“Internet+”on the efficiency of technological innovation in college in the long and short term is only discussed from a linear perspective,and the function law of“Internet+”can be further explored from a nonlinear perspective in the future;On the other hand,the research based on provincial data is a little bit rough,and more subdivided panel data such as prefecture-level,county-level and college-affiliated listed companies can be used in the future to explore the empowering effect of“Internet+”in different contexts.