稀土开采县土地利用与生态环境空间耦合研究

Study on the Spatial Coupling between Land Use and Ecological Environment in Rare Earth Mining Counties

稀土开采在给区域带来经济收益的同时,也会产生生态环境问题.研究稀土开采县的土地利用与生态环境的耦合关系,对区域的可持续发展具有积极意义.本研究采用土地利用程度综合指数和遥感生态指数,结合耦合协调模型和空间自相关分析,分析长时间序列下赣南5个稀土开采县的土地利用与生态环境空间耦合关系的时空变化特征.结果显示:2000—2019年赣南稀土开采县的土地利用程度明显增强,具有北高南低、西高东低的空间分布特征;生态环境质量明显提高,区域北部的生态环境质量低于南部;土地利用程度与生态环境质量的耦合协调度整体呈上升趋势,空间上呈现北高南低、西高东低的分布格局,耦合协调度较高的区域具有从随机分散到集中连片的空间演变规律;区域全局的耦合协调度具有正向动态的空间聚集特征,区域局部主要以信丰县油山镇为中心进行高值集聚,以全南县陂头镇为中心进行低值集聚.

Rare earth mining will generate ecological and environmental problems while bringing economic benefits to.Studying the coupling relationship between land use and the ecological environment in rare earth mining counties is of positive significance to the region's sustainable development.In this study,the comprehensive index of land use degree and the remote sensing ecological index are used,combined with the coupling coordination model and spatial autocorrelation analysis to analyze the spatial and temporal change characteristics of the spatial coupling relationship between land use and ecological environment in five rare earth mining counties in Gannan under a long time series.The results show that the land use degree of the rare earth mining counties in Gannan increased significantly from 2000 to 2019,with the spatial distribution characteristics of high in the north,low in the south,and high in the west and low in the east;the quality of the ecological environment improved significantly,with the northern part of the region being lower than that of the southern part;and the coupling and coordination degree of the land use degree and the quality of the ecological environment had an overall upward trend,with the spatial presentation of high in the north and low in the south.The distribution pattern of high in the north,low in the south,and high in the west and low in the east,and the area with higher coupling coordination degree has the spatial evolution law from random dispersion to centralized contiguous;the coupling coordination degree of the region as a whole has the spatial aggregation characteristic of positive dynamics,and the regional localization is mainly centered on the high-value agglomeration of the town of Yushan in Xinfeng County,and low-value agglomeration of the town of Beitou in Quannan County.