涤/棉织物在印染加工过程中的微纤维释放研究

Study on microfibers release of polyester/cotton fabric during printing and dyeing process

水体中的微塑料(MP)污染已经引起人们的广泛关注,纺织品在印染加工及洗涤过程中释放的微纤维(MF)是水体微塑料的重要组成部分。以常用的涤/棉织物作为研究对象,对织物进行前处理和染色,收集各工序的废水,分别对各工序废水中微纤维的尺寸和数目进行统计。结果表明,退煮漂一浴法前处理比退煮、漂白两浴法释放的微纤维数目少,并且在后续染色过程中产生的微纤维更少;在前处理和染色过程中释放的微纤维长度主要集中在100~500μm;减少工艺流程、降低工艺温度和缩短加工时间能显著减少微纤维的释放。

Microplastics(MP)pollution in water has attracted extensive attention.Microfibers(MF)released from textiles during dyeing and washing are an important part of microplastics in water.The commonly used polyester-cotton fabric is taken as the researh object,the fabric was pretreated and dyed,the waste water of each process were collected,and the size and number of microfibers in the waste water of each process were statistically analyzed.The results show that the number of microfibers released by the one-bath desizing,scouring and bleaching pretreatment are less than that of the two-bath desizing scouring and bleaching pretreatment,and the microfibers produced in the subsequent dyeing process are less.The length of microfibers released during pretreatment and dyeing are mainly in the range of 100-500μm.Reducing the process flow,reducing the process temperature and shortening the processing time can significantly reduce the release of microfibers.