养老机构老年人心理状况与社会支持的相关性研究

The relationship between psychological status and social support of elderly people in nursing homes

目的 通过调查了解兰州市养老机构老年人抑郁、孤独、焦虑的现状,并探讨3种负性情绪的影响因素,为实施干预措施提供依据。方法 采用便利抽样法对兰州市3所养老机构的150位老年人进行抑郁自评量表(SDS)、孤独自评量表(UCLA)、焦虑自评量表(SAS)、社会支持评定量表(SSRS)和一般情况的调查。结果 养老机构老年人平均SDS评分为(53.70±8.75)分,平均UCLA评分为(43.87±7.78)分,平均SAS评分为(44.44±7.96)分,且三者两两互为正相关(P<0.05);平均SSRS评分为(29.84±5.21)分,且与SAS、UCLA、SDS评分呈负相关(P<0.05)。结论 兰州市3所养老机构老年人的3种负性情绪较严重,并且存在一定的内在关联性;社会支持水平较低,而且在一定程度上影响老年人的心理健康。

Objective To investigate the current situation of depression,loneliness and anxiety among the elderly in Lanzhou nursing homes,and explore the influencing factors of the three negative emotions,so as to provide evidence for the implementation of intervention measures.Methods A total of 150 elderly people were selected from three nursing homes using a convenient sampling method.Depression,loneliness,anxiety and social support were assessed using the self-rating depression scale(SDS),loneliness scale(UCLA),self-rating anxiety scale(SAS)and social support rate scale(SSRS),respectively.Results The average SDS score was(53.70±8.75)points,the average UCLA score was(43.87±7.78)points,and the average SAS score was(44.44±7.96)points,and they were positively correlated with each other(P<0.05).The average SSRS score was(29.84±5.21)points,and was negatively correlated with depression,loneliness and anxiety(P<0.05).Conclusion There are three types of negative emotions among elderly people in three nursing homes in Lanzhou,with some internal correlations.Low levels of social support have a certain negative effect on the psychology of older people.