基于IMB模型的健康教育及护理在住院脑出血患者中的应用

Application of health education and nursing based on IMB model in inpatients with cerebral hemorrhage

目的探讨基于信息-动机-行为(IMB)模型的健康教育及护理在住院脑出血患者中的应用效果。方法选取2020年1月至2022年12月汉中市中心医院神经外科一病区收治的86例脑出血患者作为研究对象,根据随机数表法将患者分为对照组和研究组各43例。对照组患者接受常规健康教育及护理,研究组患者接受基于IMB模型的健康教育及护理。出院前,比较两组患者的康复锻炼依从性及护理前后Fugl-Meyer运动功能评定量表(FMA)、焦虑自评量表(SAS)、抑郁自评量表(SDS)评分。结果研究组患者的康复锻炼依从性为97.67%,明显高于对照组的79.07%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);护理前,两组患者的上肢、下肢FMA评分比较差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05),护理后,两组患者的上肢、下肢FMA评分均升高,且研究组分别为(40.30±3.91)分、(20.55±2.69)分,明显高于对照组的(35.26±3.27)分、(16.71±2.67)分,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);护理前,两组患者的SAS、SDS评分比较差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05),护理后,两组患者的SAS、SDS评分均降低,且研究组分别为(32.34±7.92)分、(33.28±6.83)分,明显低于对照组的(46.36±8.47)分、(46.36±7.54)分,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论基于IMB模型的健康教育及护理应用于住院脑出血患者中,可提高患者的康复锻炼依从性,加快肢体功能恢复速度,同时还能有效改善其心理状态,值得临床推广应用。

Objective To explore the effect of health education and nursing based on information-motivation-behavior(IMB)model in inpatients with cerebral hemorrhage.Methods A total of 86 inpatients with intracerebral hemorrhage treated in Department of Neurosurgery,Hanzhong Central Hospital from January 2020 to December 2022 were selected as the research objects,and they were divided into a control group and a study group according to random number table method,with 43 cases in each group.Patients in the control group received routine health education and nursing,and those in the study group received health education and nursing based on IMB model.Before discharge,the compliance of rehabilitation exercise and the scores of Fugl-Meyer Motor Function Assessment(FMA),Self-rating Anxiety Scale(SAS),and Self-rating Depression Scale(SDS)before and after nursing were compared between the two groups.Results The compliance of rehabilitation exercise in the study group was 97.67%,significantly higher than 79.07%in the control group(P<0.05).Before nursing,there were no statistically significant difference in FMA scores of upper and lower limbs between the two groups(P>0.05);after nursing,the FMA scores of upper limbs and lower limbs of the study group were(40.30±3.91)points and(20.55±2.69)points,which were significantly higher than(35.26±3.27)points and(16.71±2.67)points of the control group(P<0.05).Before nursing,there were no significant difference in SAS and SDS scores between the two groups(P>0.05);after nursing,the SAS and SDS scores of the study group were(32.34±7.92)points and(33.28±6.83)points,which were significantly lower than(46.36±8.47)points and(46.36±7.54)points of the control group(P<0.05).Conclusion The application of health education and nursing based on IMB model in inpatients with cerebral hemorrhage can improve patients'compliance with rehabilitation exercise,speed up the recovery of limb function,and effectively improve their psychological state,which is worthy of clinical promotion and application.