健康宣教联合个体化饮食护理对妊娠期糖尿病患者自我效能感和妊娠结局的影响

Effects of Health Missionary Combined with Individualized Dietary Careon Self-efficacy and Pregnancy Outcomes of Gestational Diabetes MellitusPatients

目的分析健康宣教联合个体化饮食护理对妊娠期糖尿病患者自我效能感和妊娠结局的影响。方法选取2020年1月—2022年1月厦门市第五医院收治的80例妊娠期糖尿病患者为研究对象,通过随机数表法将其分为两组,对照组和观察组均为40例,分别采取常规护理,健康宣教联合个体化饮食护理,对比两组患者血糖水平,自我效能感及妊娠结局。结果观察组护理后空腹血糖、餐后2 h血糖、糖化血红蛋白均比对照组低;观察组护理后症状管理,共性管理各项自我效能感评分均比对照组高;观察组早产、巨大儿、产后出血、胎儿生长受限、新生儿窒息、羊水过多发生率均比对照组低,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论妊娠期糖尿病患者采取健康宣教联合个体化饮食护理,对患者血糖水平具有良好改善效果,有助于提升患者自我效能感,获得良好的妊娠结局,为母婴健康提供更可靠保障。

Objective To analyze the effects of health missionary and individualized dietary care on self-efficacy and pregnancy outcome of gestational diabetes mellitus patients.Methods Eighty cases of gestational diabetes mellitus pa-tients admitted to Xiamen Fifth Hospital during the period of January 2020 to January 2022 were selected as the study subjects and divided into 2 groups by the random number table method,with 40 cases in both the control group and the observation group,and conventional nursing care,and health missionary combined with individualized dietary care were adopted,respectively.Blood glucose level,self-efficacy and pregnancy outcome were compared between the two groups.Results the fasting blood glucose,2 h postprandid blood glucose and glycosylated hemoglohin in the observa-tion group were lower than those in the control group after care.The self-efficacy scores of symptom management and co-management were higher in the observation group than in the control group after nursing.The incidence of preterm labor,macrosomia,postpartum hemorrhage,fetal growth restriction,neonatal asphyxia,and excessive amniotic fluid in the observation group were lower than those in the control group,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).Conclusion The combination of health missionary and individualized dietary care for gestational diabetes melli-tus patients has a good effect on the improvement of blood glucose level,helps to improve the patients'self-efficacy,obtains a good pregnancy outcome,and provides a more reliable protection for the health of mothers and infants.