新型电力系统继电保护面临的问题与解决思路

Problems Faced by Relay Protection in New Power System and Their Solution Ideas

构建以新能源为主力电源的新型电力系统是实现“双碳”战略目标的关键技术途径。新型电力系统发展背景下,新能源高比例接入,电力系统的输配电形态演变导致系统高度电力电子化,其迥异的运行特性与故障特征导致传统以同步机电源为根本、以线性叠加原理为理论基础的故障分析方法和继电保护原理动作性能受到严峻挑战。文中系统阐述了新型电力系统典型场景下,传统故障分析与继电保护面临的关键问题,进而从新型电力系统的故障特征与规律认知、传统保护适应边界及性能提升技术、不依赖电源特性的继电保护新原理、电力电子设备主动支撑保护需求的控保协调等方面详细阐述了解决思路。

The construction of the new power system with renewable energy sources as the main power sources is a key technical route to realize the strategic goal of carbon emission peak and carbon neutrality.In the context of the development of the new power system,with the integration of high proportion of renewable energy sources,the evolution of transmission and distribution forms of the power system leads to highly power-electricized system.The very different operation characteristics and fault features lead to serious challenges in the traditional fault analysis method and the principle action performance of relay protection with the synchronous generator source as the fundamental and the linear superposition principle as the theoretical basis.This paper systematically describes the key problems faced by the traditional fault analysis and relay protection in the typical scenarios of the new power system,and then elaborates the solution ideas from the perspective of the fault characteristic and law cognition of the new power system,the adaptation boundary and performance enhancement technology of the traditional protection,the new principle of relay protection independent of source characteristics,and the control and protection coordination for actively supporting protection demands of power electronic equipment.