内混式造雪机雪晶粒径分布实验研究

Experimental Study on Distribution of Snow Grain Size for Internal Mixing Snow Makers

为研究人工造雪的雪晶生长规律,利用激光粒度仪测量模拟环境室内人造雪的雪晶粒径,分析了雪晶粒径随落雪高度的变化情况以及气水压力比和环境温度对雪晶生长的影响。实验结果表明:雪晶粒径随落雪高度的增加而增大,且增大趋势逐渐变缓;在落雪高度为80 cm处,晶核生长至成熟雪晶状态,索特平均直径为57~73μm;此高度时雪晶粒径接近正态分布,气水压力比和环境温度对其影响较大:气水压力比为0.5 MPa∶0.4 MPa时,成雪效果好,雪晶粒径较大且分布更均匀;低温环境也能加快雪晶生长,随着环境温度的降低,小粒径占比减少,大粒径占比增多。

The grain size of artificial snow in a simulated indoor environment was measured using a laser particle size analyzer to examine the growth law of snow crystals.The change in snow grain size with different heights of snow falling region,air-to-water pressure ratios,and ambient temperatures was analyzed.The experimental results show that the snow grain size increases with an increase in snow falling height,and the growth rate of the particle size gradually decreases.At a height of 80 cm,the crystal nucleus grows to a mature snow crystal,whose Sauter mean diameter is 57-73μm.At this height,the snow grain size roughly follows a normal distribution,and the airto-water pressure ratio and ambient temperature have a significant impact.When the air-to-water pressure ratio is 0.5 to 0.4,the snowforming effect is good,manifested by a larger snow grain size and a more uniform distribution.Low-temperature environments can accelerate snow crystal growth.With a decrease in ambient temperature,the proportion of small snow crystals decreases,and the proportion of large snow crystals increases.