不同配比玉米秸秆调理剂对沼渣堆肥性能的影响

Effect of Corn Straw as Conditioner on Biogas Residue Compost Quality and Preliminary Application

为探索抗生素菌渣的无害化、资源化和高附加值处理途径,防止二次污染,以来源于青霉素菌渣的厌氧发酵沼渣为主要原料、玉米秸秆作为调理剂进行好氧堆肥研究,考察添加不同比例玉米秸秆对沼渣好氧堆肥温度、pH值、EC、氨氮、GI等腐熟效果的影响,对堆肥结束之后产品的酶活、营养成分等进行分析,并通过盆栽实验验证堆肥产品的应用效果。试验结果表明添加43%的玉米秸秆作为调理剂与沼渣进行混合堆肥,堆体升温迅速最高达61.25℃,高温期(≥55℃)持续5~6天,堆肥结束时GI值最高达到107.75%。以玉米秸秆作为调理剂时,还可调节堆肥体系的pH值,提高纤维素酶和蔗糖酶活性,促进腐殖质的形成,有效改善堆肥质量。应用效果表明该堆肥产品能够有效促进白三叶生长,株高和根长分别显著提高了26.32%、39.64%,同时显著增加植株叶绿素、可溶性糖、可溶性蛋白含量,较不施肥增幅分别为12.67%、24.31%和10.50%,效果优于同施用量(10%)市售有机肥。试验结论表明添加适当比例的玉米秸秆作为调理剂可显著提高源于青霉素菌渣的沼渣堆肥腐熟效果,提高堆肥产品品质,明显促进植株生长。该结果可为源于青霉素菌渣的沼渣堆肥过程中调理剂种类的选择和添加比例提供参考。

To explore the harmless,resourceful and high added value treatment methods of antibiotic residue to prevent secondary pollution.The anaerobic fermentation biogas residue from penicillin residue as the main raw material and corn straw as the conditioner were used for aerobic composting;Investigate the effect of adding different proportions of corn straw on the temperature,pH,EC,ammonia nitrogen,GI,etc of biogas residue aerobic composting,analyze the enzyme activity and nutrient composition of the product after composting,and verify the application effect of the compost product through pot experiment,43%corn straw was added as a conditioner and mixed with biogas residue for composting,the pile body heats up rapidly up to 61.25℃,the high temperature period(≥55℃)lasts for 5~6 days,and the GI value reaches 107.75%at the end of composting.When corn straw is used as a conditioner,it can also adjust the pH value of the compost system,improve the activities of cellulase and sucrase,promote the formation of humus,and effectively improve the quality of compost.The application effect shows that the compost product can effectively promote the growth of white clover,the plant height and root length are significantly increased by 26.32%and 39.64%respectively,and the content of chlorophyll,soluble sugar and soluble protein in the plant is significantly increased by 12.67%,24.31%and 10.50%respectively compared with that without fertilization,and the effect is better than that of the same amount of organic fertilizer(10%)sold in the market;Adding proper proportion of corn straw as a conditioner can significantly improve the composting effect of biogas residue from penicillin residue,improve the quality of compost products,and significantly promote plant growth.The results can provide a reference for the selection of conditioner types and addition ratio in the composting process of biogas residue derived from penicillin residue.