不同土壤改良方法对草莓连作土壤理化性状、养分和微生物量的影响

Effects of Soil Characteristics,Nutrients and Microorganisms with Different Methods of Soil Improvement on Strawberry Continuous Cropping Soil

为探索土壤改良方法在宿迁市宿豫区草莓连作障碍土壤修复过程中的作用,比较高温闷棚(T1)、米糠还田(T2)、复合微生物菌(T3)以及威百亩(T4)4种土壤改良方法对草莓连作障碍的修复效果。本试验对辖区大棚内连作草莓和土壤改良后连作草莓的土壤样品进行采集,比较分析水溶性盐、养分、酶和微生物量的变化。结果表明,与连作草莓处理(CK)相比,T2处理对土壤阴离子造成的盐渍化消除最有效;T3处理可降低土壤pH,增加土壤有效磷(P)含量,提高蔗糖酶和过氧化氢酶活性;T4处理可降低土壤中钾(K^(+))、钙(Ca^(2+))、镁(Mg^(2+))含量,提高土壤pH、土壤中钠(Na^(+))含量、有机质(SOC)含量以及有效氮(N)含量,同时显著降低土壤蔗糖酶、脲酶和过氧化物酶活性。不同土壤改良方法对连作草莓土壤改良效果有明显差异,应根据草莓连作障碍形成的物理、化学和生物等因素综合考虑,选择适宜的土壤改良方法或组合来修复草莓连作土壤,以期为草莓在设施栽培过程中土壤连作障碍的修复提供一种经济有效的措施。

The objectives of this study are to explore the causes and influencing factors of continuous cropping obstacles in strawberry plantation in Suyu District of Suqian City.We compared the effects of four soil improvement methods,i.e.,high temperature with closed shed,rice bran teturning,mixed microbial bacteria compounds,and Weibaimu pesticide on releasing continuous cropping obstacles in strawberry plantation.The results indicated that soil samples were collected and water-soluble salts,nutrients,enzyme activity and microbial biomass were measured and analyzed for the continues strawberry cropping(control)and the four treatments.Among the four treatments,rice bran(T2)was the most effective treatment to eliminate the salinization caused by soil anions;mixed microbial bacteria compounds(T3)treatment decreased soil pH,and showed the most significant effects in increasing soil available phosphorus content,and soil sucrase and catalase activities;Weibaimu pesticide(T4)treatment showed the most significant effect in reducing the contents of K^(+),Ca^(2+),Mg^(2+)in soil,increasing soil pH and the content of Na^(+),organic matter and available nitrogen,but in reducing the activities of soil sucrase,urease,catalase and peroxidase.Different treatments showed significant distinct effects on improving soil quality during strawberry plantation,thus,we suggest to use specific method or combined methods to improve soil quality after considering all physical,chemical and biological factors that causing continuous cropping obstacles.Our findings provide an economical and efficient strategy to release continuous cropping obsstacles and improve soil quality during strawberry continuous cropping plantation.