2020—2021年新冠疫情对我国部分城乡成年居民日常生活的影响及变化分析

Daily life impact and its change of the COVID-19 on adult residents in some urban and rural areas in China in 2020-2021

目的了解甲类传染病疫情防控背景下,新冠疫情对我国部分城乡成年居民日常生活的影响及其变化情况。方法2020年3月和2021年3月采用方便抽样方法对调查对象基本信息、周围疫情情况、日常生活影响等进行调查。采用χ^(2)检验和多元logistic回归分析方法,通过影响因素1∶1匹配的方法来分析疫情防控对日常生活的影响。结果2020—2021年分别有92.5%(1785/1929)和69.4%(1532/2209)的居民表示其日常生活受到疫情影响,其中受到较大影响分别为43.5%(839/1929)和24.4%(539/2209)。多因素分析发现,2020年有医疗影响(影响大OR=8.790,中等OR=3.408,小OR=1.547)、研究生文化程度(OR=1.679)、湖北居民(OR=1.590)、周围疫情(严重OR=1.468,较轻OR=1.282)、调查时未在工作(OR=1.427)和健康情况较差(OR=1.360)是居民日常生活受到疫情较大影响的影响因素。2021年有医疗影响(中等及以上OR=7.910,小OR=1.817)、历史最高为高风险地区(OR=1.465)以及未婚/离异/丧偶状况(OR=1.316)是居民日常生活受到疫情较大影响的影响因素。样本匹配后分析发现,疫情常态化防控期居民日常生活受疫情影响显著降低(P<0.01)。结论甲类传染病疫情防控背景下,2020年3月我国居民日常生活受到疫情较大影响,2021年3月疫情影响已显著减弱。

Objective To investigate the daily life impact and its change of the COVID-19 on urban and rural adult residents in the context of epidemic prevention and control of Class-A infectious diseases.Methods In March 2020 and March 2021,convenience sampling was used to investigate the basic information about respondents,the surrounding epidemic situation,and the impact on their daily life.Chi-square test and multivariate logistic regression analysis were used to analyze the impact of epidemic prevention and control on daily life through a 1∶1 matching of the influencing factors.Results In 2020 and 2021,92.5%(1785/1929)and 69.4%(1532/2209)of residents,respectively,reported that their daily lives were affected by the epidemic,with 43.5%(839/1929)and 24.4%(539/2209)being greatly affected,respectively.Multivariate analysis found that in 2020,medical impact(high OR=8.790,medium OR=3.408,small OR=1.547),graduate education level(OR=1.679),Hubei residents(OR=1.590),surrounding epidemic situation(severe OR=1.468,mild OR=1.282),not working at the time of investigation(OR=1.427),and poor health condition(OR=1.360)were the influencing factors of residents’daily life greatly affected by the epidemic.In 2021,medical impact(moderate or above OR=7.910,small OR=1.817),historically high-risk areas(OR=1.465),and unmarried/divorced/widowed(OR=1.316)were the influencing factors of residents’daily life greatly affected by the epidemic.After sample matching,it was found that the daily life impact of the epidemic on residents in the regular epidemic prevention and control period was significantly reduced(P<0.01).Conclusion In the context of epidemic prevention and control of Class-A infectious diseases,the daily life of Chinese residents was greatly affected by the epidemic in March 2020,and the impact of the epidemic was significantly weakened in March 2021.