文化距离影响了文化产品出口质量吗?——基于中国微观企业数据的研究

Does Cultural Distance Affect the Export Quality of Cultural Products?——Research Based on China's Micro-enterprise Data

本文从理论和实证层面研究文化距离对文化产品出口质量的影响。首先,理论分析表明,文化距离所产生的贸易成本效应、文化折扣效应以及偏好强化效应能够从供给和需求两端推动文化产品出口质量提升。其次,将中国工业企业数据库与海关数据库中的文化产品出口数据进行匹配,并结合宏观的文化距离及相关经济数据,从微观企业视角实证检验发现,文化距离对中国文化产品出口质量的影响显著为正,文化距离也存在与地理距离相似的“阿尔奇安-艾伦”效应。此外,企业内外部融资约束的缓解有助于文化产品出口质量的提升,而出口目的地经济发展水平的提高会对文化产品出口质量产生显著的负向影响。进而,文章对相关影响机制以及稳健性进行检验,进一步验证了文化距离对文化产品出口质量的正向影响。

This thesis studies the impact of cultural distance on the export quality of cultural products from a theoretical and empirical level.First of all,theoretical analysis shows that the trade cost effect,cultural discount effect,and preference strengthening effect produced by cultural distance can promote the quality of cultural product exports from both ends of supply and demand.Secondly,this thesis matches the cultural product export data in the Chinese industrial enterprise database and the customs database,and combines the macro cultural distance and related economic data.From the perspective of micro-enterprises,the empirical test finds that cultural distance has a significant positiveimpact on the export quality of Chinese cultural products,cultural distance also has an Alchian-Allen Effect similar to geographic distance.In addition,the alleviation of intermal and external financing constraints of enterprises will help improve the quality of cultural products exports,and the improvement of the economic development level of export destinations will have a significant negative impact on the quality of cultural products exports.Furthermore,this thesis examines the related influence mechanism and robustness,and further verifies the positive influence of cultural distance on the export quality of cultural products.