论汉代画像石乐舞百戏场景及其艺术表现特点

On the Scenes and Artistic Features of Han Dynasty Portrait,Stone Music,Dance,and Hundred Dramas

汉代画像石上的乐舞百戏场景内容丰富,数量众多。西汉中晚期和东汉早期在一座画像石墓葬中刻画两三处乐舞百戏场景的情况较多,而东汉中晚期在一座墓葬中刻画多处乐舞百戏场景的现象大量出现。西汉中晚期至东汉早期小型乐舞百戏场景占据大部分,在东汉中晚期小型乐舞百戏场景继续发展的同时,不少大型画像石墓葬中出现了演员众多的综合性大型乐舞百戏场面。在汉代画像石上刻画乐舞百戏场景,有着表现墓主人生前宴乐生活、希望死后能像生前一样继续享受歌舞娱乐等生活和祈求升仙的目的,同时也是画像石墓葬系列图像完整叙事的需要。汉代画像石乐舞百戏场景在墓葬中所处位置、画面构成、艺术形象刻绘、艺术表现思想与方法等方面,体现了诸多共性特征和鲜明地域性特点。

The scenes of music,dance and acrobatics depicted on the Han Dynasty portrait stones are numerous and rich in content.In the late Western Han Dynasty and early Eastern Han Dynasty,two or three music,dance and acrobatics scenes were usually depicted in one portrait stone tomb.Since the middle and late Eastern Han Dynasty,there existed a large number of music,dance and acrobaticsscenes depicted on oneportrait stone tomb.From the late Western Han Dynasty to the early Eastern Han Dynasty,minor music,dance and acrobatics scenes are usually depicted.With the continuing development of these minor ones in the middle and late Eastern Han Dynasty,the large-scaledand integrated music,dance acrobatics scenes with many actors also existed in many large portrait stone tombs.In the Han Dynasty,by depicting music,dance and acrobatics scenes on the portrait stones,the occupantsaimed to record the banquet and entertainment in their mortal life,pray for the immortality and the same enjoyments after their death and achieve the narrative of series images in the portrait stone tombs.The positions,picture compositions,artistic image portrayal,methods and ideas of artistic expression of the music,dance and acrobatics scenes depicted on the Han Dynasty portrait tomb stones reflect many common characteristics and also distinct regional characteristics.