62份甘肃小麦品种(系)抗条锈性评价及抗病基因检测

Evaluation of resistance and detection of resistance gene(s)to stripe rust of 62 wheat cultivars(lines)in Gansu Province

为探明甘肃主栽小麦品种(系)对小麦条锈病的抗性水平及部分抗条锈病基因的分布,本研究利用小麦条锈菌主要流行生理小种CYR31、CYR32、CYR33、CYR34,对62份甘肃近年育成的小麦品种开展温室苗期分小种抗病性鉴定及田间自然发病圃成株期抗病性鉴定,并利用基因芯片检测其所携带的抗条锈基因。苗期鉴定结果表明,在供试的62份小麦材料中,有61份(98.4%)、53份(85.5%)、45份(72.6%)及32份(51.6%)材料分别对CYR31、CYR32、CYR33和CYR34表现抗病。结合成株期抗病鉴定结果,20份(32.26%)材料表现全生育期抗性,21份(33.87%)材料表现成株期抗性,21份(33.87%)表现为感病。分子检测结果表明,携带Yr17、Yr26、Yr29、Yr30、YrAK58、Yr75、Yr78、Yr80、Yr82、YrSP、QYrqin.nwafu-2BL和QYr.nwafu-4BL基因的材料分别有5、14、4、24、6、16、4、9、4、3、42和12份,同时携带2~6个抗条锈病基因的材料分别有18、14、9、2和1份,占71.0%。本研究系统揭示了当前甘肃省小麦品种(系)抗病性水平及所携带的抗病基因,为小麦抗病育种及抗病基因的合理布局提供了理论依据。

To assess the resistance level of the wheat germplasms to stripe rust and the distribution of stripe rust resistance gene(s)in Gansu province,62 wheat varieties(lines)were collected and evaluated with stripe rust.In the greenhouse tests,seedlings of the germplasms were challenged with the predominant Puccinia striformis f.sp.tritici(Pst)races CYR31,CYR32,CYR33,and CYR34,respectively.In the field tests,the germplasms were evaluated for stripe rust resistance at the adult stage in three natural infection disease nurseries.Also,the stripe rust resistance gene(s)were detected by gene chip based on close linkage or functional markers.The results of seedling evaluation showed that among the 62 wheat germplasms,61(98.4%),53(85.5%),45(72.6%),and 32(51.6%)showed resistance to Pst races CYR31,CYR32,CYR33,and CYR34,respectively.Combined with the results of disease resistance identification at the adult plant stage,20(32.87%)germplasms had all stages resistance(ASR),21(33.87%)showed adult plant resistance(APR),and 21(33.87%)were susceptibility.Molecular detection results indicated that 5,14,4,24,6,16,4,9,4,3,42,and 12 germplasms carry the resistance genes Yr17,Yr26,Yr29,Yr30,YrAK58,Yr75,Yr78,Yr80,Yr82,YrsP,QYrqin.nwafu-2BL and QYr.nwafu-4BL,respectively.And 18,14,9,2,and 1 germplasms carrying two to six stripe rust resistance genes simultaneously,accounting for 71.0%.This study lay a scientific basis for resistance breeding and the rational deployment of disease resistant varieties in Gansu Province.