北沙参根腐病病原鉴定及侵染特点分析

Identification and infectious characterization of the pathogen causing root rot on radix glehniae

0引言北沙参是我国常用的中药材,基源植物为伞形科植物珊瑚菜(Glehnia littoralis Fr.Schmidt ex Miq.),主要分布于山东、辽宁、河北、广东、福建等地,多生长于近海沙地。北沙参具有养阴清肺、益胃生津等功效,用于肺热燥咳、劳嗽痰血、胃阴不足、热病津伤、咽干口渴等症[1]。北沙参野生药材资源缺乏,难以满足中药材市场的需求,河北安国、山东莱阳、内蒙古赤峰等地区先后对北沙参进行引种栽培,并不断增加种植面积,目前已成为北沙参药材的主产地[2]。随着北沙参栽种面积以及连作年限不断增加,导致病虫害问题日益突出,尤其是北沙参根腐病,严重影响了北沙参的产量和品质。关于北沙参根腐病只是在中草药原色图谱等丛书上有提及[3],尚没有该病害的系统报道,其病原菌种类和发病原因更不明确。

Radix glehniae(Glehnia littoralis)is used as traditional Chinese medicine in China.Root rot disease is a serious constraint to the production and quality of radix glehniae in Hebei Province.The fungal isolates were obtained from the rotten root samples.Eight of purified fungal isolates were grouped according to their colony morphology in one type of five isolates,namely,BssF011,BssF012,BssF013,BssF014 and BssF015,and another type of three isolates,i.e.BssF021,BssF022 and BssF023.Based on morphological,molecular identification and mycelium fusion group characterization,strains BssF011,BssF012,BssF013,BssF014 and BssF015 were identified as Rhizoctonia solani,while strains BssF021,BssF022 and BssF023 as Fusarium solani.Accor-ding to pathogenetic tests fulfilling Koch's postulates,both R.solani and F.solani were identified as causal agents of root rot of radix glehniae.In this study,it was suggested that the combined infections of the two pathogens caused root rot on radix glehniae,in which R.solani showed a stronger pathogenicity.