西方电影中的藏族形象:表征、衍变与话语

The Tibetan Image in Western Film: Representation, Derivation, and Discourse

西方电影中的藏族形象主要有两种类型:喇嘛形象与“高贵的野蛮人”形象。喇嘛形象经历了“约翰长老”式想象、精神与政治诉求到消费主义景观的历程;藏族群众形象在重复性书写中形成了“高贵的野蛮人”的刻板印象,这一类型形象与同样作为“他者”的“北美印第安人”形象高度相似。与此同时,作为藏族历史主体的农奴以及处于日常现实中的藏族形象却消失在西方电影中。根本原因是西方文化通过“他者化”的藏族形象,对遥远的西藏与藏族进行的精神殖民。

Images of Tibetans in Western films are mainly manifested two types: the image of the lama and the image of “the noble savage”.Images of the lama has gone through the process of Elder John-style imagination, spiritual and political demands, and consumerism landscape.Images of Tibetans has formed the stereotype of “the noble savage” in repetitive writing, which is similar to the image of “Native Americans”. At the same time, the image of the serf who were the subject of Tibetan history and the image of Tibetans in daily life have disappeared from Western films. The fundamental reason is that Western culture has spiritually colonized Tibet and the Tibetan people through the “otherized” image.