中国商业银行跨境保函国别风险及防范

Country Risks and Preventive Measures of Cross-Border Letter of Guarantee of Commercial Banks of China

随着经济全球化格局的形成以及中国“一带一路”倡议的深入发展,中国企业在全球贸易、投资、承包工程方面进度加快,商业银行的跨境保函业务得以快速发展。商业银行跨境保函通过增强债务人信用、降低当事各方违约风险来保障交易顺利履行,是经济发展中重要的金融工具。由于跨境保函业务涉及不同国家的政治、金融、法律制度,且无统一的国际规则可循,尤其是近年来地缘政治风险加剧,导致商业银行面临的国别风险凸显。商业银行应建立跨境保函的国别风险防控机制,加强对重点国家和地区以及重点领域跨境保函业务的风险监控、识别、分析与管理能力,加强保函业务的精细化管理,以促进跨境保函业务的稳健发展,保障中国企业跨境经营的合法权益。

With the in-depth development of economic globalization and China-proposed Belt and Road Initiative, Chinese enterprises have accelerated their progress in global trade, investment and project contracting.The cross-border letter of guarantee business of Chinese commercial banks has also grown rapidly. As a significant financial tool in China's economic development, the cross-border letter of guarantee of commercial banks tries to ensure smooth transactions by increasing the credit of debtors and reducing the default risk of involved parties. Due to that the cross-border letter of guarantee business involves the political, financial and legal systems of different countries, and there is no unified global rules to follow, intensified geopolitical risks during recent years have led to prominent country-specific risks faced by commercial banks. In order to promote the sound development of cross-border letter of guarantee business and protect the legitimate rights and interest of Chinese enterprises in overseas markets, commercial banks should establish a country risk prevention and control mechanism for cross-border letters of guarantee and strengthen their capabilities in risk monitoring, identification, analysis and management of the business in key countries, regions and sectors. More efforts are expected to be made such as enhancing refined management of the letter of guarantee business.