神圣景观的构建——神通寺千佛崖初唐造像形成考

The Making of A Sacred Landscape——The Early Tang-Dynasty Thousand-Buddha-Sculptured Cliffside of Shentong Temple

本文以济南历城神通寺千佛崖唐初造像为例,首先讨论摩崖造像作为一种附丽于寺院空间的宗教景观艺术属性,进而分析这处造像的表现题材、崖面雕刻的形成过程、佛像形式特征的精神意涵,及其对神通寺的意义等问题。文章认为,神通寺千佛崖造像的最初开创与寺僧祈求往生的禅观实践密不可分;之所以在进入显庆之后的不数年间出现了一次有皇室贵族、地方长官和僧俗大众广泛介入的大规模营造活动,应与当时高宗皇帝正在筹划的乾封封禅活动有深层关联。

With the early Tang-dynasty Qianfoya(千佛崖)as a religious landscape site——a Thousand-Buddha-Sculptured Cliffside of Shentong Temple(神通寺)in Licheng,Jinan of Shandong Province,this thesis explores the Buddha sculptures in artistic nature,theme and feature,the process of the cliff-carving completion,above all,what they mean to the Shentong Temple.It is viewed in the thesis that the project of clffside-carving is initiated for the monks of the temple to practice mediating for rebirth after death.But the large-scaled reconstruction widely engaged by the royalty,the noble,the local offcials,monks and lay people right after a few years of the Xianqing(显庆)period is closely linked with the'Qianfeng-Fengshan'(乾封封禅)ceremonial sacrifices to heaven under the planning of Emperor Gaozong(高宗)of the Tang dynasty.