烷基化装置废硫酸罐水清洗作业风险分析及对策研究

Risk Analysis and Countermeasure Study on Cleaning Operation of Waste Sulfuric Acid Tank Water in Alkylating Unit

硫酸罐是硫酸法烷基化装置重要设备之一,硫酸法烷基化装置废硫酸中含酸溶性油、二氧化硫和金属离子,其储存介质的特殊性及硫酸固有危险决定了烷基化装置废硫酸罐水清洗作业安全风险极大。应用工作危害分析方法,对烷基化装置废硫酸罐水清洗作业中主要危险有害因素如火灾爆炸、中毒和窒息、灼烫、容器爆炸、设备腐蚀等进行辨识,针对辨识出的风险,提出安全对策,安全环保地完成了废硫酸罐水清洗作业。

Sulfuric acid tank is one of the important equipment of sulfuric acid alkylation plant.The waste sulfuric acid in sulfuric acid alkylation plant contains acid soluble oil,sulfur dioxide and metal ions.The particularity of its storage medium and the inherent danger of sulfuric acid determine the safety risk of water cleaning operation of waste sulfuric acid tank in sulfuric acid alkylation plant.The main dangerous and harmful factors such as fire and explosion,poisoning and asphyxia,burning,container explosion and equipment corrosion were identified by the work hazard analysis method.In view of the identified risks,safety countermeasures were put forward,and the waste sulfuric acid tank water cleaning operation was completed safely and environmentally friendly.