断层与隧道位置关系对突涌水的影响研究

Study on the Influence of the Relationship between Fault and Tunnel Location on Water Inrush

研究目的:为探讨断层与隧道位置关系对涌水的影响机制,构建隧道涌水简化计算模型,推导隧道涌水量及结构外水压力计算表达式,再基于工程案例对隧道涌水简化计算模型的合理性及公式推导的正确性进行检验,同时对特征参数进行敏感性研究,以揭示断层对隧道涌水的影响规律。研究结论:(1)随断层倾角的增加,渗流稳定时隧道涌水量不断减小,支护结构外水压力逐渐增大;(2)案例工程中无断层段二次支护结构水头高度理论值比真实值大4.5%,单一断层段二次支护结构外缘水头高度理论值比真实值大6.7%,组合断层区域,涌水量理论值比真实值小8.3%;(3)本文揭示的断层区隧道突涌水规律可为类似隧道工程防排水体系的实际提供理论指导。

Research purposes:In order to explore the influence mechanism of the relationship between fault and tunnel position on water inflow,this paper built a simplified calculation model of tunnel water inflow,deduced the calculation expressions of tunnel water inflow and external water pressure of structure,tested the rationality of the simplified calculation model of tunnel water inflow and the correctness of formula derivation based on engineering cases,and studied the sensitivity of characteristic parameters,to reveal the influence law of fault on tunnel water inflow.Research conclusions:(1)With the increase of fault dip angle,when the seepage is stable,the water inflow of the tunnel decreases and the external water pressure of the support structure increases gradually.(2)In the case project,the theoretical value of the water head height of the secondary support structure in the non fault section is 4.5%higher than the real value,the theoretical value of the outer edge water head height of the secondary support structure in the single fault section is 6.7%higher than the real value,and the theoretical value of the water inflow in the combined fault section is 8.3%lower than the real value.(3)The law of sudden water inrush in tunnels in fault areas revealed in this article can provide theoretical guidance for the practical application of waterproofing and drainage systems similar to tunnel engineering.