菌藻微生物燃料电池处理模拟养殖废水的研究

Study on the treatment of the simulated aquaculture wastewater using bacterial-algal microbial fuel cells

为探索冷水鱼养殖废水处理的新途径,本试验构建菌藻微生物燃料电池,以细菌作为阳极,藻类作为阴极,探讨在不同低C/N条件下菌藻微生物燃料电池去除有机物和脱氮除磷的效能及产电性能,并分析阳极和阴极微生物群落结构及功能微生物。结果表明:当C/N为2:1时,菌藻微生物燃料电池去除有机物85.4%、氨氮32.1%、硝态氮73.4%、总氮37.6%和总磷69.9%,系统可产电1.09mA;阳极电极表面附着大量微生物,可以加快催化反应速率,提高系统产电;阳极和阴极生物膜富集了以变形菌门和拟杆菌门为主的产电细菌,在提高系统产电性能的同时可降解复杂有机物;通过功能基因分析发现碳代谢、氮代谢及双组分系统的基因丰度较高,说明微生物的抗逆代谢较强,有利于污染物去除。综上,利用菌藻微生物燃料电池去除模拟养殖废水具备一定的可行性,可为养殖废水的去除提供理论基础。

In order to explore new ways to treat the wastewater from cold water fish farming,a bacterial-algal microbial fuel cell taking bacteria as the anode and alage as the cathode is used to explore the performance of removing organic matter,nitrogen and phosphorus and electricity production performance under the different low C/N conditions.The structure of microbial community and their functional at the anode and cathode are analyzed as well.The results show that when the C/N ratio is 2∶1,the bacterial-algal microbial fuel cell can remove 85.4%of organic matter,32.1%of ammonia nitrogen,73.4%of nitrate nitrogen,37.6%of total nitrogen and 69.9%of total phosphorus.In addition,the system can generate 1.09 mA of electricity.A large number of microorganisms adhere to the surface of the anode,which can improve the catalytic reaction rate and the system’s electricity production.The anode and cathode biofilms are enriched with electricigens mainly from Proteobacteria and Bacteroidetes,which can improve the system’s electricity production performance and degrade complex organic.Functional gene analysis shows a high-level of gene abundance for carbon metabolism,nitrogen metabolism and two-component systems,indicating that microorganisms have strong resistance to stress metabolism and are beneficial for removing pollutants.In summary,it is feasible to use bacterial-algal microbial fuel cells to remove the simulated aquaculture wastewater,which can provide a theoretical basis for the removal of aquaculture wastewater.