蒙东地区三种药用植物根际微生物群落特性研究

Characteristics of Rhizosphere Microbial Community of Three Medicinal Plants in Eastern Inner Mongolia

通过分析蒙东地区3种药用植物根际微生物的群落特征,旨在研究植物根系-土-微生物三者间的驱动关系。以生长年限和长势相近的甘草、北沙参和防风为材料,利用高通量测序分析植物间根际土壤与非根际土壤的差异和关系。研究发现,根际土壤和非根际土壤理化性质差异主要在全磷和过氧化氢酶两个因素。蒙东地区3种药用植物的优势细菌菌门是变形菌门和放线菌门,占比分别在27.85%~52.69%和18.39%~44.59%之间。优势真菌科是赤壳科和微囊科,占比分别在3.70%~14.94%和4.66%~30.32%之间。豆科甘草与伞形科的防风和北沙参菌群结构分布差异较大。植物根际土壤中全氮、全磷、脲酶、和蔗糖酶的差异导致了菌群群落结构差异。种植于蒙东地区的3种药用植物根际微生物群落特征鲜明。细菌群落结构的主要驱动因素是土壤环境因子与植物的交互作用,而环境因子和植物类型均对真菌菌群有驱动作用。

Through analyzing the community characteristics of rhizosphere microorganisms in three medicinal plants from the Eastern Inner Mongolia region,this study aims at investigating the interactive relationship among plant roots,rhizosphere soil,and microorganisms.Using Glycyrrhiza uralensis,Saposhnikovia divaricata,and Glehniae Radix with similar growth years and conditions as the materials,high-throughput sequencing technology was employed to analyze the differences and relationships between rhizosphere soil and nonrhizosphere soil among the plants.The study revealed that the main differences in physicochemical properties between rhizosphere soil and non-rhizosphere soil were observed in total phosphorus and catalase activity.In the Eastern Inner Mongolia region,the dominant bacterial phyla in the three medicinal plants were Proteobacteria and Actinobacteria,with relative proportions ranging from 27.85%to 52.69%and 18.39%to 44.59%,respectively.The dominant fungal families in the three medicinal plants from the Eastern Inner Mongolia region were mainly Nectriaceae and Microascaceae,with relative proportions ranging from 3.70%to 14.94%and 4.66%to 30.32%,respectively.Significant differences in the microbial community structure were observed between Glycyrrhiza uralensis of the Leguminosae family and Glehniae Radix and Saposhnikovia divaricata of the Umbelliferae family.Differences in total nitrogen,total phosphorus,urease,and sucrase in the rhizosphere soil contributed to the variation in microbial community structure.The distinct characteristics of rhizosphere microbiota were observed in the three medicinal plants cultivated in the eastern region of Inner Mongolia.The main driving factors for bacterial community structure were the interaction between soil environmental factors and plants,while both environmental factors and plant types had driving effects on the fungal community.