CO_(2)浓度升高对阿尔蚜茧蜂寄生及后代蜂适合度的影响

Effects of Elevated CO_(2)Concentration on Parasitism and Offspring Fitness of Aphidius ervi

旨在研究CO_(2)浓度升高对阿尔蚜茧蜂(Aphidius ervi)寄生及后代蜂适合度的影响。在温度24℃、CO_(2)浓度为380、550、750μL/L的人工气候箱中连续培养3代阿尔蚜茧蜂。结果表明,随着CO_(2)浓度升高阿尔蚜茧蜂的寄生率、羽化率和雌性比例显著降低,成虫寿命极显著降低,但对发育历期无显著影响,世代因子对阿尔蚜茧蜂发育历期无显著影响;随着CO_(2)浓度升高阿尔蚜茧蜂寿命极显著降低,不同世代之间阿尔蚜茧蜂的寄生率、羽化率、雌性比例、发育历期和成虫寿命均无显著差异。CO_(2)浓度升高降低了阿尔蚜茧蜂的寄生效果以及后代蜂的适合度,从而推测大气CO_(2)浓度升高下阿尔蚜茧蜂对豌豆蚜的控害作用下降。

The objective of this paper was to study the effects of elevated CO_(2)concentration on parasitism and offspring fitness of Aphidius ervi.Aphidius ervi were continuously cultured three generations in artificial climate chamber at 24℃and CO_(2)concentrations of 380μL/L,550μL/L and 750μL/L respectively.The results showed that the parasitism rate,eclosion rate,female proportion,and adult longevity of Aphidius ervi significantly decreased,while no significant effect on the developmental duration as the concentration of CO_(2)increases.The generation factor had also no significant effect on the developmental duration of the Aphidius ervi.Furthermore,the longevity of the Aphidius ervi significantly reduced as CO_(2)concentration increased.No significant differences in the parasitism rate,the eclosion rate,the female proportion,developmental duration,and adult longevity were observed between generations of the Aphidius ervi.Our results suggested that the parasitic effects of the Aphidius ervi was reduced by elevated CO_(2)levels.Therefore,it is speculated that the control effect of the Aphidius ervi on the pea aphid will decrease with the increase of atmospheric CO_(2)concentration.