2021年西藏阿里地区4452名工作人员的健康素养调查

Investigation on the health literacy of 4452 staff in Ngari District of Tibet in 2021

目的对西藏阿里地区工作人员的健康素养水平进行评估,为当地下一步开展健康教育和健康促进工作提供数据支持。方法采用方便抽样法,通过网络问卷形式于2021年6至7月对阿里地区工作人员开展《全国居民健康素养监测调查问卷》调查,使用SPSS 22.0软件进行t检验、单因素ANOVA分析、χ^(2)检验和二元Logistics回归分析,检验水准α=0.05。结果共收回有效问卷4452份,有效率为93.14%;2021年西藏阿里地区工作人员总体健康素养水平为11.95%,6类健康问题素养水平分别为安全与急救素养(42.90%)、科学健康观素养(34.25%)、慢性病防治素养(22.10%)、健康信息素养(20.01%)、传染病防治素养(14.56%)和基本医疗素养(12.98%);健康素养得分为(34.69±14.88)分;不同性别、年龄、文化程度、职业、工作所在地调查对象的健康素养水平差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05);与50岁及以上年龄组相比,年龄较小者健康素养水平更低(20~29岁:OR=0.417,95%CI:0.184~0.947;30~39岁:OR=0.372,95%CI:0.164~0.842;与汉族人群相比,藏族人群健康素养水平更低(OR=0.143,95%CI:0.080~0.256);与本科及以上人群相比,文化程度较低者健康素养水平更低(高中及以下:OR=0.290,95%CI:0.088~0.954;专科OR=0.513,95%CI:0.403~0.652);与其他职业人群相比,医务人员健康素养水平更高(OR=6.361,95%CI:3.787~10.684)。年龄、民族、文化程度和职业是影响阿里地区工作人员健康素养水平的主要因素。结论2021年阿里地区工作人员的总体健康素养水平和6类健康问题素养水平仍处于较低水平,健康素养水平在不同特征的工作人员中表现出差异,提升当地工作人员健康素养需重点关注藏族、低文化程度和非医务人员等人群。

Objective To assess the health literacy level of staff in the Tibetan region of Ngari,and to provide data to support the next step of health education and health promotion in the region.Methods A convenience sampling method was used to conduct the National Health Literacy Surveillance Questionnaire for staff of Ngari from June to July 2021 by means of an online questionnaire.T-test,ANOVA analysis,chi-square test and binary logistic regression methods were conducted by using SPSS 22.0,the test levelα=0.05.Results A total of 4452 valid questionnaires were returned,with an effective rate of 93.14%;In 2021,the overall health literacy level of the staff in Ngari region of Tibet was 11.95%,and the literacy levels of six types of health issues were safety and first aid literacy(42.90%),scientific health concept literacy(34.25%),chronic disease prevention and control literacy(22.10%),health information literacy(20.01%),epidemic prevention and control literacy(14.56%),basic medical literacy(12.98%),the score of health literacy was(34.69±14.88).The differences in health literacy levels among respondents between different genders,ages,education levels,occupations and work locations were statistically significant(P<0.05).Compared with the age group“50~”,the health literacy level of the younger group was lower(20~29:OR=0.417,95%CI:0.184~0.947;30~39:OR=0.372,95%CI:0.164-0.842);Compared with the Han nationality group,the health literacy level of the Tibetan group was lower(OR=0.143,95%CI:0.080-0.256);Lower levels of health literacy were lower among the less educated compared to those with a bachelor's degree and above(high school and below:OR=0.290,95%CI=0.088-0.954;Specialist OR=0.513,95%CI:0.403-0.652);Higher levels of health literacy were found among medical professionals compared to other occupations(OR=6.361,95%CI=3.787-10.684).Age,ethnicity,education level and occupation were the main factors influencing the health literacy level of staff in Ngari.Conclusions In 2021,the overall health literacy level and the literacy level of six types of health problems of staff in Ngari are still at a low level,and the health literacy level shows differences among staff with different characteristics,and the improvement of the health literacy of local staff needs to focus on groups such as Tibetans,low literacy and non-medical staff.